Recombinant DNA molecules encoding aminopeptidase enzymes and their use in the preparation of vaccines against helminth infections

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides nucleic acid molecules containing nucleotide sequences encoding helminth aminopeptidase enzymes, and antigenic fragments and functionally-equivalent variants thereof, their use in the preparation of vaccines, for use against helminth parasites, and synthetic polypetides encoded by them.

[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 09/129,366, filed Aug. 5, 1998 which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 08/335,844, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,066,503, issued May 23, 2000 which was a filing under 35 USC §371 of PCT/GB93/00943, filed May 7, 1993 which claimed priority from GB 9209993.6, filed May 8, 1992.

[0002] The present invention relates to the preparation of protective antigens by recombinant DNA technology for use as anthelmintic agents and as protective immunogens in the control of diseases caused by helminth parasites.

[0003] Helminth parasites are responsible for a wide range of diseases and infestations of domestic animals which, leading as they do to loss of production and even animal mortality, are of considerable economic importance. Thus for example, the blood feeding nematode Haemonchus infects the lining of the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, causing anaemia and weight loss and if untreated frequently leads to death. Animals infected with the related non-blood feeding nematode Ostertagia similarly fail to thrive and may die if untreated. Other genera of helminths of economic importance include Trichostrongylus and Nematodirus which cause enteritis in various animals, and trematodes.

[0004] Problems are also caused by nematodes such as hookworms (eg. Necator, Ancylostoma, Uncinaria and Bunostomum ssp) and flukes (eg. Fasciola, Paramphistomum and Dicrocoelium) and their relatives which in addition to ruminants and domestic pets, also infect humans, frequently with fatal results.

[0005] Control of helminth parasites presently relies primarily on the use of anthelmintic drugs combined with pasture management. Such techniques have a number of drawbacks however—frequent administration of drugs and pasture management are often not practical, and drug-resistant helminth strains are becoming increasingly widespread.

[0006] There is therefore a need in this field for an effective anti-helminth vaccine and many efforts have been concentrated in this area in recent years. However, as yet there are no commercially available molecular or sub-unit vaccines for the major helminth species-particularly for the gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants, such as Haemonchus and Ostertagia.

[0007] Most promising results to date have been obtained with novel proteins isolated from Haemonchus, which have potential as protective antigens not only against Haemonchus but also against a range of other helminths. In particular the protein doublet H110D, found at the luminal surface of the intestine of H. contortus has been shown to confer protective immunity against haemonchosis in sheep.

[0008] H110D from H. contortus has an approximate molecular weight of 110 kilodaltons (kd) under reducing and non-reducing conditions, as defined by SDS-PAGE, and is described in WO88/00835 and WO90/11086. The term “H110D” as used herein refers to the protein doublet H110D as defined in WO88/00835 and WO90/11086. Corresponding proteins have also recently been shown in other helminth species, eg. Necator americanus.

[0009] A number of methods for the purification of H110D have been described in WO88/00835 which suffice for the characterisation of the protein, and may be scaled up to permit production of the protein in experimentally and commercially useful quantities. There is however a need for an improved and convenient source from which to prepare not only H110D but also related antigenic proteins, especially for a process based on recombinant DNA technology and expression of the proteins in suitably transformed prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms.

[0010] The present Invention seeks to provide such an improved procedure. Sequence determination of cDNAs for H10D from Haemonchus contortus has been performed and the predicted amino acid sequences have been found to display homology with a family of integral membrane aminopeptidases (systematic name: α-amino acyl peptide hydrolase (microsomal)).

[0011] The mammalian integral membrane aminopeptidases are located in several tissues, eg. on the microvillar brush border of intestines, and kidney. Their role in the kidney is unclear, but in the intestine their function is to cleave the small peptides which are the final products of digestion (for reviews, see Kenny & Maroux, 1982; Kenny & Turner, 1987; Noren et al, 1986; Semenza, 1986).

[0012] In one aspect the present invention thus provides nucleic acid molecules comprising one or more nucleotide sequences which encode helminth aminopeptidase enzymes or antigenic portions thereof substantially corresponding to all or a portion of the nucleotide sequences as shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5 (SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15) or sequences coding for helminth aminopeptidase enzymes which are substantially homologous with or which hybridise with any of said sequences.

[0013] A nucleic acid according to the invention may thus be single or double stranded DNA, cDNA or RNA.

[0014] Variations in the aminopeptidase-encoding nucleotide sequences may occur between different strains of helminth within a species, between different stages of a helminth life cycle (e.g. between larval and adult stages), between similar strains of different geographical origin, and also within the same helminth. Such variations are included within the scope of this invention.

[0015] “Substantially homologous” as used herein includes those sequences having a sequence identity of approximately 50. or more, eg. 60% or more, and also functionally-equivalent allelic variants and related sequences modified by single or multiple base substitution addition and/or deletion. By “functionally equivalent” is meant nucleic acid sequences which encode polypeptides having aminopeptidase activities which are similarly immunoreactive ie. which raise host protective antibodies against helminths.

[0016] Nucleic acid molecules which hybridise with the sequences shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5 (composed of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15) or any substantially homologous or functionally equivalent sequences as defined above are also included within the scope of the invention. “Hybridisation” as used herein defines those sequences binding under non-stringent conditions (6× SSC/50% formamide at room temperature) and washed under conditions of low stringency (2× SSC, room temperature, more preferably 2× SCC, 42° C.) or conditions of higher stringency eg. 2× SSC, 65° C. (where SSC=0.15M NaCl, 0.015M sodium citrate, pH 7.2).

[0017] Methods for producing such derivative related sequences, for example by site-directed mutagenesis, random mutagenesis, or enzymatic cleavage and/or ligation of nucleic acids are well known in the art, as are methods for determining whether the thus-modified nucleic acid has significant homology to the subject sequence, for example by hybridisation.

[0018] Provision of a nucleic acid molecule according to the invention thus enables recombinant aminopeptidase enzymes, or immunogenic fragments thereof, to be obtained in quantities heretofore unavailable, thereby permitting the development of anti-helminth vaccines.

[0019] In another aspect the present invention thus provides nucleic acid molecules comprising one or more nucleotide sequences encoding one or more polypeptides capable of raising protective antibodies against helminth parasites, which sequences incorporate one or more antigenic determinant-encoding regions from the aminopeptidase-encoding sequences as shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5 (composed from SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15).

[0020] The present invention also extends to synthetic polypeptides comprising one or more amino arid sequences constituting an aminopeptidase enzyme or antigenic portions thereof, substantially corresponding to all or a portion of the nucleotide sequences as shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5 (SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15), or a functionally-equivalent variant thereof other than a synthetic polypeptide corresponding to the protein doublet H110D, or a synthetic polypeptide corresponding to any of the individual polypeptide sequences disclosed in WO90/11086.

[0021] Alternatively viewed, the invention also provides synthetic polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence constituting an aminopeptidase enzyme or an antigenic portion thereof, substantially corresponding to all or a portion of the nucleotide sequences as shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5 (SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15) or a functionally-equivalent variant thereof, substantially free from other Haemonchus contortus components.

[0022] The invention further extends to vaccine compositions for stimulating immune responses against helminth parasites in a human or non-human animal, comprising at least one synthetic polypeptide as defined above, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0023] WO90/11086 discloses a number of polypeptide or partial polypeptide sequences obtained by proteolytic digestion or chemical cleavage of the protein doublet H110D as follows: (a) Met Gly Tyr Pro Val Val Lys Val Glu Glu Phe (b) Met Gly Phe Pro Val Leu Thr Val Glu Ser (c) Met Gly Phe Asn Phe Lys Ile Glu/Val Thr/Glu Ala Gly (d) Met Lys Pro/Glu Thr/Val Lys Asp/Ala Thr/Lvs Leu - Ile Thr (e) Met Leu Ala Leu Asp Tyr His Ser - Phe Val (f) Met Leu Ala Glu/Tyr Asp Gln/Ala Glu Asp Val (g) Met Gly Phe Pro Leu Val Thr Val Glu Ala Phe Tyr (h) Met Lys Thr Pro Glu Phe Ala Val/Leu Gln Ala Phe/Thr Ala Thr Ser/Gly Phe Pro (i) Lys His/Tyr Asn/Val Ser Pro Ala Ala Glu Asn/Leu Leu Asn/Gly (j) Lys - Thr Ser Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asn (k) Lys Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp - Ile - - - Lys Gly (l) Lys Ala Val Glu Val/Pro Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile Thr? Tyr - - Gly Pro Ser (m) Lys - Glu Glu Thr Glu Ile Phe Asn Met (n) Lys - - - Pro Phe Asn/Asp Ile Glu Ala Leu (o) Asp Gln Ala Phe Ser Thr Asp Ala Lys (p) Met Gly Tyr Pro Val Val Lys Val Glu Glu Phe -Ala Thr Ala Leu (q) Met Gly Phe Pro Val Leu Thr Val Glu Ser - Tyr? - Thr (r) Met Glu/Phe Asn Phe Leu Ile Glu/Val Thr/Glu Ala Gly - Ile Thr (s) Met Gly Phe Leu Val Thr Val Glu Ala Phe Tyr - Thr Ser (t) Met Lys Thr Pro Glu Phe Ala Val/Leu Gln Ala Phe/Thr Ala Thr Ser/Gly Phe Pro (u) Met Lys Pro/Glu Thr/Val Leu Asp/Ala Thr/Lys Leu - Ile Thr - Gly (v) Met Leu Ala Leu Asp Tyr His Ser - Phe Val Gly? (w) Met Leu Ala Glu/Tyr Asp Gln/Ala Glu Asp Val (x) Lys His/Tyr Asn/Val Ser Pro Ala Ala Glu Asn/Leu Leu Asn/Gly (y) Lys - Thr Ser Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asn (z) Lys Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Ile - - - Lys Gly (aa) Lys Ala Val Glu Val/Pro Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile Thr? Tyr - - Gly Pro Ser (bb) Lys - Glu Gln Thr Glu Ile Phe Asn Met (cc) Lys - - - Pro Phe Asn/Asp Ile Glu Ala Leu (dd) Asp Gln Ala Phe Ser Thr Asp Ala Lys

[0024] Uncertainties are shown either by the form Phe/Gly, where the first three letter code represents the most likely correct amino acid based on the strength of the signal, or by a question mark; a sign “−” means an unknown residue.

[0025] The specific individual polypeptide sequences which are disclosed in WO09/11086 are disclaimed.

[0026] The term “polypeptide” as used herein includes both full length protein, and shorter peptide sequences. “Functionally equivalent” as used above in relation to the polypeptide amino acid sequences defines polypeptides related to or derived from the above-mentioned polypeptide sequences where the amino acid sequence has been modified by single or multiple amino acid substitution, addition or deletion, and also sequences where the amino acids have been chemically modified, including by glycosylation or deglycosylation, but which nonetheless retain protective antigenic (immunogenic) activity. Such functionally-equivalent variants may occur as natural biological variations or may be prepared using known techniques, for example functionally equivalent recombinant polypeptides may be prepared using the known techniques of site-directed mutagenesis, random mutagenesis, or enzymatic cleavage and/or ligation of amino acids.

[0027] Generally, the synthetic polypeptides according to the invention represent protective antigenic sequences. The term “protective antigen” as used herein defines those antigens capable of generating a host-protective (immunogenic) immune response ie. a response by the host which leads to the generation of immune effector molecules, antibodies or cells which sterilise the fecundity of, damage, inhibit or kill the parasite and thereby “protect” the host from clinical or sub-clinical disease and loss of productivity. Such a protective immune response may commonly be manifested by the generation of antibodies which are able to inhibit the metabolic function of the parasite, leading to stunting, lack of egg production and/or death.

[0028] The synthetic polypeptides according to this aspect of the invention may be prepared by expression in a host cell containing a recombinant DNA molecule which comprises a nucleotide sequence as broadly described above operatively linked to an expression control sequence, or a recombinant DNA cloning vehicle or vector containing such a recombinant DNA molecule. Alternatively the polypeptides may be expressed by direct injection of a naked DNA molecule according to the invention into a host cell.

[0029] The synthetic polypeptide so expressed may be a fusion polypeptide comprising a portion displaying the immunogenicity of all or a portion of an aminopeptidase enzyme and an additional polypeptide coded for by the DNA of the recombinant molecule fused thereto. For example, it may be desirable to produce a fusion protein comprising a synthetic aminopeptidase or other polypeptide according to the invention coupled to a protein such as β-galactosidase, phosphatase, glutathione-S-transferase, urease, hepatitis B core antigen (Francis et al., 1989) and the like. Most fusion proteins are formed by expression of a recombinant gene in which two coding sequences have been joined together with reading frames in phase. Alternatively, polypeptides can be linked in vitro by chemical means. All such fusion or hybrid derivatives of aminopeptidase-encoding nucleic acid molecules and their respective amino acid sequences are encompassed by the present invention. Such suitable recombinant DNA and polypeptide expression techniques are described for example in Sambrook et al., 1989. Alternatively, the synthetic polypeptides may be produced by chemical means, such as the well-known Merrifield solid phase synthesis procedure.

[0030] Further aspects of the invention include use of a nucleic acid molecule or a synthetic peptide or polypeptide as defined above, for the preparation of a vaccine composition for stimulating immune responses in a human or non-human, preferably mammalian animal against helminth parasite infections.

[0031] Alternatively viewed, the invention also provides a method of stimulating an immune response in a human or non-human, preferably mammalian, animal against a helminth parasite infection comprising administering to said animal a vaccine composition comprising one or more polypeptides encoded by a nucleotide sequence as defined above.

[0032] A vaccine composition may be prepared according to the invention by methods well known in the art of vaccine manufacture. Traditional vaccine formulations may comprise one or more synthetic polypeptides according to the invention together, where appropriate, with one or more suitable adjuvants eg. aluminium hydroxide, saponin, QuilA, or more purified forms thereof, muramyl dipeptide, mineral oils, or Novasomes, in the presence of one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents. Suitable carriers include liquid media such as saline solution appropriate for use as vehicles to introduce the peptides or polypeptides into a patient. Additional components such as preservatives may be included.

[0033] An alternative vaccine formulation may comprise a virus or host cell eg. a microorganism (eg. vaccinia virus, adenovirus, Salmonella) having inserted therein a nucleic acid molecule (eg. a DNA molecule) according to this invention for stimulation of an immune response directed against polypeptides encoded by the inserted nucleic acid molecule.

[0034] Administration of the vaccine composition may take place by any of the conventional routes, eg. orally or parenterally such as by intramuscular injection, optionally at intervals eg. two injections at a 7-28 day interval.

[0035] As mentioned above, the amino acid translation of the nucleotide sequences depicted in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5 show sequence homology with a family of integral membrane aminopeptidase enzymes. This was determined by searching various databases available in the Genetics Computer Group Sequence analysis software package, version 7.01, November 1991 (Devereux et al., (1984)), using translations of the sequences shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4 or 5. Two such comparisons are shown in FIG. 6.

[0036] Expression of the aminopeptidase-encoding sequences according to the invention can, as mentioned above, be achieved using a range of known techniques and expression systems, including expression in prokaryotic cells such as E. coli and in eukaryotic cells such as yeasts or the baculovirus-insect cell system or transformed mammalian cells and in transgenic animals and plants. Particularly advantageously, the nucleotide sequences may be expressed using the transgenic nematode system such as the system for the nematode Caenorhabditis described for example in Fire, (1986); Fire et al., (1989); Spieth et al., (1988); Han et al., (1990).

[0037] A further aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing a synthetic polypeptide as defined above, which comprises culturing a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell containing a nucleic acid molecule as defined above, under conditions whereby said polypeptide is expressed, and recovering said polypeptide thus produced.

[0038] Further aspects of the invention thus include cloning and expression vectors containing nucleotide sequences according to the invention. Such expression vectors include appropriate control sequences such as for example translational (eg. start and stop codes) and transcriptional control elements (eg. promoter-operator regions, ribosomal binding sites, termination stop sequences) linked in matching reading frame with the nucleic acid molecules of the invention.

[0039] Vectors according to the invention may include plasmids and viruses (including both bacteriophage and eukaryotic viruses) according to techniques well known and documented in the art, and may be expressed in a variety of different expression systems, also well known and documented in the art. Suitable viral vectors include, as mentioned above, baculovirus and also adenovirus and vaccinia viruses. Many other viral vectors are described in the art.

[0040] A variety of techniques are known and may be used to introduce such vectors into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells for expression, or into germ line or somatic cells to form transgenic animals. Suitable transformation or transfection techniques are well described in the literature.

[0041] Transformed or transfected eukaryotic or prokaryotic host cells or transgenic organisms containing a nucleic acid molecule according to the invention as defined above, form a further aspect of the invention.

[0042] Eukaryotic expression systems in general, and the nematode expression system in-particular, have the advantage that post-translational processing, and particularly glycosylation can occur—in the case of the transgenic nematode system, a glycosylation corresponding to that found in the native protein may be expected. This represents an important aspect of the invention, since in many cases post-translational processing is required for the recombinant protein to express optimum biological activity.

[0043] Mammalian cell expression systems, also have a number of advantages. Mammalian host cells provide good reproduction of the native form and protective epitopes of the antigen since a eukaryotic expression system will give rise to more similar glycosylation patterns, disulphide bonding and other post-translational modifications than E. coli which may produce an insoluble protein requiring refolding and having poor reproduction of the native form. In addition mammalian glycosylation is unlikely to induce an immune response which distracts from a protective anti-protein response. For protection of humans and domestic animals, it is thus preferable to use human or animal fibroblast or myeloma cell lines such as HeLa—a human cell line; BHK—baby hamster kidney cells; VERO, a monkey kidney cell line; FR3T3, Fisher rat fibroblasts; NIH3T3, a mouse fibroblast cell line; C127I, a mouse mammary tumour cell line; CV-1, African green monkey kidney fibroblasts; 3T6, mouse embryo fibroblasts; L cells, a mouse cell line: CHO, a Chinese Hamster ovary cell line; NSO NSI, SP2 and other mouse myeloma cell lines and rat myeloma cell lines such as YB2/0 and Y3.

[0044] Vectors appropriate for different classes of mammalian cell lines are well known in the art. In general, these will comprise a promoter and/or enhancer operably connected to a nucleotide sequence encoding the antigen or fragment thereof. Suitable promoters include SV40 early or late promoter, eg. PSVL vector, cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, mouse metallothionein I promoter and mouse mammary tumour virus long terminal repeat. The vector preferably includes a suitable marker such as a gene for dihydrofolate reductase or glutamine synthetase. Vectors of those types are described in WO86/05807, WO87/04462, WO89/01036 and WO89/10404.

[0045] Transfection of the host cells may be effected using standard techniques, for example using calcium phosphate, DEAE dextran, polybrene, protoplast fusion, liposomes, direct microinjection, gene cannon or electroporation. The latter technique is preferred and methods of transfection of mammalian cell lines using electroporation are described by Andreason et al., 1980. In general, linear DNA is introduced more readily than circular DNA.

[0046] In the case of the protein H110D, it has been found to have a unique and unusual glycosylation pattern, which is thought to contribute to immunoactivity since many monoclonal antibodies so far obtained to H110D from Haemonchus recognise carbohydrate epitopes which may be of importance in developing useful vaccines.

[0047] In particular the following glycosylation pattern for H110D from Haemonchus has been demonstrated:

[0048] i. about 65% of oligosaccharides are N-linked, the remainder O-linked;

[0049] ii. the major part (eg. about 48%) of the N-linked oligosaccharide is of the complex class;

[0050] iii. substantially all (eg. greater than 95%) of the oligosaccharides are uncharged;

[0051] iv. the relative molar content of the constituent monosaccharides is N-acetylgalactosamine 1.0, fucose 3.6, galactose 4.1, glucose 4.4, mannose 6.2 and N-acetylglucosamine 5.2;

[0052] V. the oligosaccharides, other than the major oligosaccharide (designated oligosaccharide D), are substantially resistant-to degradation by a broad range of exo-glycosidases (eg. α-D-mannosidase, β-D-mannosidase, β-D-glucosidase, β-D-galactosidase, α-D-galactosidase, α-L-fucosidase, β-D-xylosidase, β-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase).

[0053] Such oligosaccharides and glycoproteins containing them form a further aspect of this invention.

[0054] Oligosaccharide D of the Haemonchus H110D glycoprotein is of the N-linked type and has a novel structure consisting of two fucose residues attached by an α-1,3 linkage and an α-1,2 linkage to a mannose (N-acetylglucosamine)₂ core.

[0055] Another aspect of the invention thus provides an oligosaccharide having the structure:

[0056] and more particularly the structure:

[0057] especially when linked to a protein, eg. a recombinant protein such as a helminth aminopeptidase protein or an antigenic fragment thereof, or when used to generate anti-idiotypic antigens for immunisatlon especially of very young animals.

[0058] Animal glycoproteins generally have fucose α-1,6 linkages and the fucose α-1,3 linkage of the oligosaccharide of the present invention is an unusual feature.

[0059] This invention will now be described in more detail with particular reference to the protein H110D from Haemonchus contortus. However, by a variety of techniques such as histochemistry and DNA hybridisation, H110D equivalents have been observed in other parasite species. It is believed that the H110D protein is a multigene complex and that in addition, the nucleotide sequences encoding it, may exhibit sequence variations between different strains and different life cycle stages of the helminth. Moreover there may exist multiple enzyme forms (isoenzymes) which may be differentially expressed at different stages, or in different strains. In this study DNA sequences, and thus the predicted amino acid sequences, have been determined from cDNA clones and PCR products obtained from mRNA corresponding to the H110D gene by recombinant DNA technology from different sources, and at different parasitic stages of H. contortus life cycle.

[0060] Sequencing of cDNA and PCR products has enabled us to identify three closely related H110D sequences which are here designated H11-1 (SEQ ID NO: 19), H11-2 (SEQ ID NO: 20) and H11-3 (SEQ ID NO: 21). H11-1 comprises three contiguous and overlapping sequences, cDNA clone AustB1 (SEQ ID NO: 6), PCR product A-648 (SEQ ID NO: 9) and at the 3′ end PCR product 014-178 (SEQ ID NO: 12); H11-2 comprises the PCR products A-650 and 2.5 kb (SEQ ID NOS: 10 and 7 respectively); H11-3 comprises the PCR products 3.5 kb and A-649 (SEQ ID NOS: 8 and 11 respectively). The specific relationships between the individual sequenced cDNA and PCR product clones and H11-1, -2 and -3 are summarised in FIG. 1 and shown in detail in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.

[0061] Differences and variations in the sequences obtained from the cDNA clones and PCR products have been observed, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5 (composed of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15 and 19 to 31) and as summarised in Table 1. TABLE 1 Homologies of the deduced amino acid sequences obtained by translation of the nucleotide sequences shown in FIG. 2. % Similarity % Identity H11-1:H11-2 77 63 H11-1:H11-3 79 65 H11-2:H11-3 82 69

[0062] The differences can be attributed to different mRNAs (of the multigene family). In addition, the variations may be due, at least in part, to different variants of the H110D-encoding sequence or mRNA present at different stages of the life cycle or in strains differing in geographical origin.

[0063] Table 2 additionally shows levels of identity and similarity between the corresponding predicted amino acid sequences and two published mammalian aminopeptidase sequences. TABLE 2 Homologies of the H110D amino acid sequences with rat aminopeptidase M (ApM) and mouse aminopeptidase A (ApA). % Similarity % Identity H11-1:ApM 55 32 H11-1:ApA 55 31 H11-2:ApM 52 31 H11-2:ApA 54 31 H11-3:ApM 53 32 H11-3:ApA 52 30

[0064]FIG. 1 shows a map of the H. contortus H110D cDNA and PCR product clones sequenced and their relationships and relative positions along the H110D mRNA;

[0065]FIG. 2 shows the H110D nucleotide sequences designated H11-3, (SEQ ID NO: 21, derived from cloned PCR products SEQ ID NOS: 8 and 11 and cDNA clone M1AUS, SEQ ID NO: 5), H11-2 (SEQ ID NO: 20, derived from cloned PCR products SEQ ID NOS: 7 and 10) and H11-1 (SEQ ID NO: 19, derived from cloned PCR products SEQ ID NOS: 9 and 12 and cDNA clone AustB1, SEQ ID NO: 6);

[0066]FIG. 3 shows the sequence H11-3 (SEQ ID NO: 21) (shown in FIG. 2) with alignment of the cDNA clones M1 and M1AUS (SEQ ID NOS: 1 and 5);

[0067]FIG. 4 shows the sequence H11-2 (SEQ ID NO: 20, shown in FIG. 2) and the alignment of the cDNA clone B2 (SEQ ID NO: 4);

[0068]FIG. 5 shows the sequence designated H11-1 (SEQ ID NO: 19) and alignment of the cDNA B1A and Aust B1 (SEQ ID NOS: 2 and 6 respectively);

[0069]FIG. 6 shows a) the predicted amino acid sequences (SEQ ID NOS: 22, 23 and 24) derived from the DNA sequences H11-1, H11-2 and H11-3 shown in FIG. 2; bi) and ii) show the predicted amino acid sequence of H11-3 compared with the published amino acid sequences of rat microsomal aminopeptidase M (Watt et al., 1989) and mouse microsomal aminopeptidase A (Wu et al., 1990) respectively; identities are enclosed in boxes, dashes indicate spaces introduced to maximise the level of homology between the compared sequences. The conventional single letter code for amino acids is used. The horizontal line above the sequence indicates the position of the transmembrane region and the asterisks show the position of the zinc-binding motif. Levels of similarity are shown in Tables 1 and 2;

[0070]FIG. 7 Shows the alignments of amino acid sequences (designated Pep A, Pep B, Pep C, Pep D and Pep E) obtained from CNBr and Lys-C fragments of H110D as previously described (International patent application WO90/11086 and as listed earlier, polypeptide sequences (a), (b), (e), (k) and (aa), respectively) and three new sequences (SEQ ID NOS: 16, 17 and 18) obtained from H110D following digestion by elastase or thermolysin with the translations of a) H11-1, b) H11-2 and c) H11-3.

[0071] In a further aspect the invention also provides nucleic acid molecules comprising one or more nucleotide sequences which substantially correspond to or which are substantially complementary to one or more sequences selected from the sequences of clones M1, B1A, B1A-3′, B2, M1AUS, AustB1, 014-015 (2.5PCR), 014-872 (3.5PCR clone 2), A-648 (5′ end of Bi), A-650 (5′ end of 2.5PCR), A-649 (5′ end of 3.5PCR), 014-178 (3′ end of AustB1 clone 2), 014-178 (3′ end of AustB1 clones 3 & 6), 014-872 (3.5PCR clone 10) and 014-872 (3.5PCR clone 19), H11-1, H11-2 and H11-3, SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 15 and 19 to 21 respectively as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5 or sequences which are substantially homologous with or which hybridise with any of the said sequences.

[0072] As mentioned above, comparison of the sequences of various of the clones mentioned above, against computer databases of known sequences, reveals substantial homology with the family of microsomal aminopeptidase enzymes (EC. 3.4.11.-). Enzymological activity and inhibitor studies performed with the H110D protein and sub-fractions thereof confirm that the protein is in fact microsomal aminopeptidase (α-amino acyl peptide hydrolase (microsomal)). Such studies have further shown that both aminopeptidase A-like and aminopeptidase M-like activities are exhibited, and that each of the components of the H110D doublet individually exhibit enzyme activity.

[0073] Studies with proteolytic digestion of H110D have also been carried out. Using the enzyme elastase, it was found that H110D may be partially cleaved, forming two fractions, a detergent-soluble fraction (which remained with the membrane) and a water-soluble fraction (which is designated H11S). H11S occurs in the form of a protein dimer which may be reduced to two components. Interestingly, it was found that only aminopeptidase M-like activity is associated with the water-soluble H11S fraction. whereas aminopeptidase A-like activity is only associates with the detergent-soluble fraction.

[0074] The following Example provides a description of the studies leading to determination of the sequences shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, with reference to the following additional Figures in which:

[0075]FIG. 8 shows Western blots of integral membrane proteins present in a detergent extract of Haemonchus contortus adults probed with affinity purified antibodies eluted from potential H110D clones; a) antigens in a detergent extract of Haemonchus recognised by antiserum to the extract; b) antibodies eluted from a strip such as that shown in a) re-tested against a blot of the detergent extract confirm the success of the elution step; c) antibodies as in b) which bind to clone M1 expressed protein strongly recognise a region at 110 kd (and a relatively sharp band at about 205 kd; d) there is no antibody binding when a non-recombinant is used to adsorb the serum;

[0076]FIG. 9 shows a Northern blot of mRNA purified from 11, 15 and 23 day-old Haemonchus contortus probed with a) cDNA clone M1 (SEQ ID NO: 1); b) cDNA clone M1 AUS (SEQ ID NO: 5); c) cDNA clone B1A (SEQ ID NOS: 2 and 3); d) cDNA clone AustB1 (SEQ ID NO: 6); e) cloned PCR product 014-872 (3.5-2, SEQ ID NO: 8); and f) cloned PCR product 014-015 (SEQ ID NO: 7). The numbers 11, 15 and 23 indicate the age of the Haemonchus from which the mRNA was obtained;

[0077]FIG. 10 shows Southern blots of Haemonchus contortus genomic DNA probed with cDNA clones M1AUS (SEQ ID NO: 5), B1A (SEQ ID NOS: 2 and 3) and AustB1 (SEQ ID NO: 6) and PCR products 014-872 (3.5-2, SEQ ID NO: 8) and 014-015 (SEQ ID NO: 7); a) blots were washed at a moderate stringency, b) blots were washed at a high stringency: for each probe, track 1 contained a HindIII digest of λDNA as marker or was left blank, tracks 2 and 3 contained EcoRI and HindIII digests respectively of Haemonchus genomic DNA:

[0078]FIG. 11 snows Western blots of recombinant GST-M1, and GST-B1A fusion proteins probed with affinity purified antibodies to electrophoretically purified H110D (H110DE);

[0079]FIG. 12 shows Western blots of ConA H110D antigen probed with antisera to ConA H110D and to recombinant GST-M1 and GST-B1A fusion proteins;

[0080]FIG. 13 shows a) the results of analysis of H110D protein and aminopeptidase enzyme activities in fractions obtained by ion exchange chromatography of ConA H110D on a MonoQ column;

[0081] b) SDS-PAGE of the fractions shown in FIG. 13a);

[0082]FIG. 14 shows a) the pH values at which fractions were obtained in a free-flow isoelectric focussing experiment;

[0083] b) SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions of the fractions from 14 a) in which the lower band of the H110D doublet is found in Fraction 6 and the upper band in Fraction 16, with varying amounts of each in the intervening fractions;

[0084] c) Western blots of the fractions shown in 14 b) probed with i) monoclonal antibodies designated TS 3/19.7 and ii) affinity purified polyclonal anti-M1 antibodies; control antibodies gave no detectable reaction;

[0085]FIG. 15 shows a) the pH values at which fractions were obtained in another free-flow isoelectric focussing experiment; b) SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions of fractions from 15 a) used in enzyme assays, in which the lower band of the H110D doublet is found in Fractions 4-6 and the upper band in Fractions 16-18 with varying amounts of each band in the intervening fractions: c) microsomal aminopeptidase specific activities of fractions shown in 15 b);

[0086]FIG. 16 shows protection of sheep by vaccination with separated upper (U), lower (L), recombined (U+L) and intermediate doublet (D) bands from H110D: a) parasite egg output, expressed as eggs per gram faeces, b) worm burden at post-mortem, relative to controls;

[0087]FIG. 17 shows protection of sheep by vaccination with a water-soluble fragment (H11S) obtained from H110D by digestion with elastase and H11A, the residual detergent-soluble H110D. a) parasite egg output, expressed as eggs per gram faeces; b) worm burden at post-mortem, relative to controls (C);

[0088]FIG. 18 shows examples of the relationship between inhibition of Ai), Bi) aminopeptidase M-like and Aii), Bii) aminopeptidase A-like activities of H110D by antisera of individual sheep vaccinated with H110D with levels of protection measured by Ai, ii) % reduction of worm burden at post-mortem and Bi, ii) % reduction reduction of faecal egg count; □ anti-H110D, ▪ anti-horse ferritin control;

[0089]FIG. 19 shows the histochemical localisation of aminopeptidase enzyme activities in adult Haemonchus contortus—the light micrographs of cryo-sections of adult female Haemonchus contortus show aminopeptidase activity (red reaction product appears as dark band (arrowed) in these black and white photographs) associated only with the microvilli (mv) of the intestine (i). None of the other tissues (eg. cuticle (c), hypodermis (h), genital tract (gt), wall muscle (wm)) show activity. In a) the substrate was L-leucine 4-methoxy-β-naphthylamide, in b) the substrate was L-glutamic acid α-(4-methoxy-β-naphthylamide);

[0090]FIG. 20 shows a map of the 3.5 PCR product (clone 2) (SEQ ID NO: 8) sub-cloned into the baculovirus expression vector pBlueBacII;

[0091]FIG. 21 shows a Western blot of extracts from baculovirus-infected insect Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf)9 cells probed with anti-H110DN antibodies. Two cloned plaques, P3A and P4A expressed the full-length immuno-positive H110D (arrowed) the controls did not.

EXAMPLE

[0092] Methods

[0093] Construction of U.K. λGT11 Library

[0094] mRNA Isolation

[0095] Adult Haemonchus contortus (0.5 gm) of UK origin snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen were ground in liquid nitrogen using a pre-chilled mortar and pestle. The RNA was extracted from the grindate with 10 volumes of 4 M guanidine hydrochloride in 25 mM sodium citrate containing 0.5% w/v sarkosyl and 0.7% w/v 2--mercaptoethanol, followed by extraction with phenol and chloroform using the method of Chomczynski & Sacchi (1987). Messenger RNA (mRNA) was prepared from this by affinity chromatography on oligo dT cellulose (twice) as described in Maniatis et al (1982) and the quality was assessed by in vitro translation using a rabbit reticulocyte lysate kit and ³⁵S-methionine from Amersham International plc, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Polypeptides up to 120 kd were detected.

[0096] Complementary DNA Preparation

[0097] First strand complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized from 1 μg mRNA using random priming and avian reverse transcriptase and the second strand was synthesized using a replacement reaction with RNase H and E. coli DNA Polymerase I followed by repair of 3′ overhangs using T4 DNA Polymerase, according to the method of Gubler & Hoffman (1983). The yield of double-stranded (ds) cDNA was approximately 400 ng from 1 μg mRNA. The ds cDNA was examined by electrophoresis in a 1% agarose gel followed by autoradiography. The ds cDNA was in the size range 0.2-9.4 kilobases (Kb), with the majority being in the range 0.5-2.3 Kb.

[0098] Cloning of cDNA in λgt11

[0099] Non-size selected cDNA was used to construct a library in λgt11 using the Amersham cDNA cloning system (kit no. RPN 1280, Amersham International plc) and in vitro packaging extracts (kit no. N334, Amersham International plc) as described in the manufacturer's instructions, and EcoRI linker oligonucleotides (5′GGAATTCC). The resulting library was plated on E. coli strain Y1090 in the presence of isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG) and 5-bromo,4-chloro,3-indolyl β-D-galactoside (X-gal), under which conditions recombinant λgt11 appear as clear (“white”) plaques and wild-type non-recombinant λgt11 as blue plaques. The library contained 90% white plaques and the cloning efficiency was calculated to be 4×10⁷ plaque forming units (pfu)/μg cDNA and a library titre of 2×10⁶ plaque forming units per ml. Analysis of the DNA from 20 recombinants picked at random revealed an average insert size of 0.51 Kb. However this mean was distorted by one clone with an insert of 3.5 Kb. The majority of the inserts were >300 base pairs (bp). This unamplified λgt11 library derived from UK worm mRNA was then immunoscreened.

[0100] Preparation of Antibody Probes

[0101] Antiserum to Integral Membrane Proteins

[0102] Intestines were dissected from adult Haemonchus contortus (of UK origin) and homogenised in ice-cold phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, containing 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 1 mM phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride (PMSF). The homogenate was centrifuged for 10 minutes using a microfuqe and the pellet resuspended in the same buffer containing 0.1% v/v Tween 20 (Tween is a Trade mark). After re-centrifugation, the pellet was resuspended in the same buffer containing 2% v/v Triton X-100 and extracted for two hours at 4° C. This extract was centrifuged as above, to obtain a supernatant containing integral membrane proteins (IMP).

[0103] A sheep was hyperimmunised with IMP in Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) by intramuscular injection of 50, 50, 120 and 130 μg of IMP given on weeks 0, 7, 11 and 15. Six weeks after the final injection, serum was harvested, and designated serum EE-068.

[0104] Preparation of Integral Membrane Proteins by Detergent Extraction of Haemonchus contortus

[0105] An extract was prepared by homogenizing worms in 5-10 volumes of PBS containing 1 mM EDTA and 1 mM PMSF. The suspension was centrifuged at 10,000× g for 20 minutes at 4° C. and the pellet washed in the same buffer containing 0.1% v/v Tween 20 then extracted with 5 volumes 2% v/v Triton X-100 as described above. The supernatant was re-centrifuged at 100,000× g for 1 hour, and the resulting supernatant, which was enriched in H110D but contained other IMP, was used in Western blotting experiments and for the preparation of non-denatured H110D (see below).

[0106] Preparation of H110D and Affinity Purified Anti-H110DN

[0107] The extract enriched for H110D, was subjected to affinity chromatography on ConA-agarose followed by ion exchange chromatography on MonoQ (as described in WO88/00835 and WO90/11086). The purified H110D was injected intramuscularly into lambs in FCA. Three doses of 100 μg were given at 3 week intervals. Serum collected from the lambs 4 weeks after the final injection was affinity purified by absorption to a column containing purified H110D which had been coupled to cyanogen bromide activated Sepharose (Pharmacia). Coupling of H110D to the Sepharose, binding of antiserum and elution of anti-H110D antibodies were according to the instructions supplied by Pharmacia. These affinity purified antibodies are designated anti-H110DN. The “N” distinguishes these antibodies from those raised to denatured, electrophoretically purified H110D, which are designated anti-H110DE.

[0108] Western Blotting

[0109] Western blotting was carried out using standard procedures (Johnstone et al., 1982).

[0110] Isolation and Characterisation of Clones

[0111] Immunoscreening of the U.K. λgt11 Library

[0112] The method used to immunoscreen the library was essentially as described by Bowtell et al (1986). Prior to use, the serum (EE-068) was depleted of anti-E. coli antibodies by absorption with lysates and whole cells of E. coli Y1090. The library was plated on E. coli Y1090 cells at a density of 103 pfu per 90 mm diameter plate. Plates were overlaid with nitrocellulose filters impregnated with IPTG and incubated overnight. The filters were washed with TBST (50 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% v/v Tween 20) and then blocked with 5% v/v horse serum in TBST for 2 hours. Serum EE-068 diluted 1 in 200 in TBST containing 5% horse serum was added and the filters incubated for 4 hours with gentle rocking. The filters were again washed in TBST, then incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated horse anti-sheep IgG diluted 1 in 500 in TBST containing 5% v/v horse serum for 2 hours. (Anti-serum to sheep IgG was raised in a horse, the anti-sheep IgG purified by affinity chromatography on a sheep IgG Sepharose column, and the antibodies conjugated to HRP by the method of Nakane & Kawaoi, 1974.) Filters were further washed in TBST and positive plaques detected using 0.6 mg/ml 3,1′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and 0.1% v/v hydrogen peroxide. Twenty-five putative positives were picked and were rescreened with affinity purified anti-H110DN as described above. Following this secondary screen recombinants were still positive, with the clone designated as M1 giving the strongest signal. Affinity purification of antibody on recombinant phage

[0113] Confluent plates were prepared on E. coli Y1090 lawns by plating 10³ pfu of each of the antibody-positive λclones or non-recombinant λgt11 negative control phage. The lawns were incubated for 4 hours at 42° C. then overlaid with filters impregnated with IPTG and further incubated overnight at 37° C. The filters were removed from the plates and washed in TBST prior to being blocked with 5% v/v horse serum for 1 hour. The filters were then incubated with a 1 in 100 dilution of antiserum EE-068 for 6 hours, before being thoroughly rinsed with TBST. Bound antibodies were eluted from the filters by two applications of 2 ml of elution buffer (5 mM glycine, 500 mM NaCl, 0.2% Tween 20, pH 2.3) for 2 to 3 minutes each, neutralised by addition of 200 μl of 1 M tris-HCl, pH 7.4, diluted 1 in 200 and used to immunoscreen a Western blot of an H110D-enriched extract.

[0114] DNA Sequencing of the M1 Clone

[0115] Lambda DNA was isolated from the M1 clone according to the methods described in Maniatis et al (1982). The 2.38 Kb KpnI-SstI fragment containing the 300 bp M1 fragment was isolated by gel electrophoresis, purified using a GENECLEAN kit (Stratagene) (GENECLEAN is a registered trade mark of BI0101) and subcloned into pBluescriptII SK⁺ (Stratagene). The EcoRI fragment was purified using the same methods and re-subcloned into the same vector.

[0116] The nucleotide sequence of the M1 insert was determined using a T7 Sequencing kit (Pharmacia, U.K.), using both the M13 forward and reverse primers.

[0117] Preparation of Australian λgt11 and λZAP cDNA Libraries

[0118] mRNA Isolation

[0119] 5 gm adult Haemonchus contortus (Australian McMaster susceptible strain) snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen were ground in liquid nitrogen and the RNA extracted using hot phenol by the method of Cordingley et al. (1983). Yield of total RNA was 10.35 mg. 1.3 mg of this RNA was used to prepare mRNA by affinity chromatography on oligo dT cellulose (2 sequential purifications) using the method described by Maniatis et al. (1982). Yield of mRNA was 21.6 μg. Quality of mRNA was assessed by in vitro translation in rabbit reticulocyte lysate in the presence of ³⁵S-methionine (Amersham) according to the supplier's instructions. The translation products obtained had clearly distinguished bands including bands >200 kd in size as demonstrated by electrophoresis on SDS-polyacrylamide gels followed by fluorography.

[0120] cDNA Synthesis and Library Preparation

[0121] 1 μg mRNA was used to make cDNA by priming with oligo dT or random primers, using a cDNA synthesis kit from Amersham International plc following the manufacturer's instructions. Yield was 115 ng double stranded (ds) cDNA. The quality of the cDNA was examined by electrophoresis of the ³²P-labelled DNA on an alkaline agarose gel as described by the Amersham cDNA kit instructions. Size of the cDNA (by comparison with λ-HindIII markers, New England Biolabs) was from 150 bp to >10 Kb, with most of the products being in the size range 0.6-5 Kb. The oligo dT-primed and random-primed ds cDNAs were pooled and ligated to excess EcoRI 8-mer linkers (5′GGAATTCC3′ New England Biolabs, Catalogue No. 1018) which had been labelled with γ-³²P-ATP and T4 polynucleotide kinase. The linkered cDNA was digested with EcoRI and excess linkers were removed by Sepharose 4B (Pharmacia) chromatography according to the methods described by Maniatis et al. (1982). Fractions from the column were pooled in two lots, one containing cDNA larger than 2 Kb and one of cDNA less than 2 Kb. Each pool was then ligated separately to 1 μg EcoRI cut, phosphatased λZapII arms (Stratagene) and packaged separately using Gigapack Gold (Stratagene, registered trademark). The larger sized cDNA yielded 1.3×10⁵ recombinants and the smaller cDNA 1.4×10⁵ recombinants; these were pooled to yield a library of 2.7×10⁵. The λZap library was amplified by plating on XL1-Blue cells (Stratagene) at 2×10⁴ pfu per 135 mm plate. The titre of the amplified library was 7×10⁷ pfu/ml.

[0122] A further 2 μg mRNA was used to make cDNA as described above, but using only oligo dT as primer. The yield of ds cDNA was 740 ng. This cDNA was treated with EcoRI methylase as described in Maniatis et al (1982) prior to addition of EcoRI linkers, and in this case 12-mer linkers (5′CCGGAATTCCGG3′ New England Biolabs, Catalogue No. 1019) were used. Following digestion of the linkered cDNA with EcoRI, all fractions from a Sepharose 4B column which contained cDNA were pooled, and ligated to 2 μg EcoRI cut, phosphatased λgt11 arms (Stratagene). The ligation mix was split in two and packaged with two lots of Gigapack Gold (Stratagene); these were pooled to yield a λgt11 library of 7×10⁶ pfu. The library was amplified by plating on ST9 cells at 5×10⁵ pfu per 135 mm plate. The titre of the amplified λgt11 library was 4.5×10¹¹ pfu/ml.

[0123] Screening of the Australian λgt11 Library with Antisera to H110D

[0124] Antisera were raised by injecting sheep with H110D protein (of UK origin) which had been electro-eluted from polyacrylamide after electrophoresis in SDS according to the following method: ConA H110D prepared as described in WO 88/00835 and WO 90/11086 was electrophoresed on SDS polyacrylamide gels (Laemmli 1970) to obtain electro-eluted H110D. After electrophoresis, the area of the polyacrylamide gel containing H110D was cut out, placed in an electroeluter (Atto) and elution carried out for 3 hours at 10 watts. The electroeluted H110D (designated H110DE) was concentrated on a Centriprep 10 (Amicon) and buffer exchanged on a PD10 column (Pharmacia) into 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate/0.07% SDS, mixed with adjuvants and then injected into sheep. Immunoglobulins from the sera were precipitated with ammonium sulphate (Johnstone and Thorpe; 1982). The precipitated antibodies were resuspended at 60 mg/ml in phosphate buffered saline, dialysed against phosphate buffered saline and diluted 1:10 in Tris buffered saline (TBS) containing 5% w/v low fat milk powder. 10 mg of ConA H110D was made to 0.5% SDS, heated to 100° C. for 3 minutes and dried onto a nitrocellulose filter. Following washes with TBS containing 0.2% v/v Tween 20 and 0.5% Triton X-110 (TBSTT) the filter was incubated for 1 to 2 hours at room temperature with the antibodies to H110DE. After washing the filter for 2 hours with TBSTT, the bound antibodies were eluted with 3 ml of 0.1M glycine, 0.15M NaCl pH 2.6 for 2 minutes and immediately adjusted to neutral pH by the addition of 75 al of 1.5 M Tris pH 8.0. These affinity purified antibodies, designated anti-H110DE, were used to screen 5×10⁵ pfu of the Australian λgt11 cDNA library as described above.

[0125] 5×10⁵ recombinants from the λgt11 library derived from Australian Haemonchus contortus were immunoscreened and three positives picked. Following further screening two of these recombinants were still positive and were designated B1A and B2.

[0126] Sequencing of B1A and B2 Clones

[0127] The two clones were digested with EcoRI, yielding a single insert of approximately 500 bp for B1A and three fragments, B2A (about 400 bp), B2B (about 100 bp) and B2C (about 100 bp), for B2. These were subcloned into pBluescript SK⁻ (Stratagene) and sequenced using a Sequenase 2.0 kit (United States Biochemicals).

[0128] Expression of Clones M1 and B1A

[0129] The M1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and B1A (SEQ ID NOS: 2 and 3) inserts were expressed in E. coli, using a pGEX vector (Smith and Johnson 1988). This vector expresses proteins at the C-terminus of Schistosoma jatonicum glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The M1 and B1A EcoRI inserts were ligated to EcoRI-cut, phosphatased pGEX1 and transformed into E. coli strain JM101 according to the methods described in Maniatis et al. 1982. Eight progeny were picked from each transformation and 2 ml cultures were grown for 6 hours at 37° C. IPTG was added to induce fusion protein synthesis, and the incubation continued overnight. Cells were harvested by centrifugation, disrupted by boiling in sample buffer (Laemmli, 1974), and the extracts analysed by SDS-PAGE and by Western blotting using affinity purified sheep antibodies specific for the SDS-denatured H110D doublet (anti-H110DE—see above). Bound antibodies were detected using alkaline-phosphatase conjugated rabbit anti-sheep IgG alkaline phosphatase conjugate (Jackson Immunoresearch) followed by colour development with 5-bromo,4-chloro,3-indolyl phosphate (BCIP) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT). Cultures of immunopositive clones were grown and induced as above and disrupted by sonication. The sonicates were separated into soluble and insoluble fractions by centrifugation (Sorvall RC-2B centrifuge, HS4 rotor, 7000 rpm, 30 minutes, 4° C.). The insoluble pellets were resuspended in 8 M urea by sonication, and samples of fractions examined by SDS-PAGE. The fusion proteins were found to be in the insoluble inclusion body fraction. Each of these preparations was used to vaccinate 2 sheep three times at 150 μg fusion protein per dose in Freunds adjuvants. Positive control sheep were immunised with native ConA H110D protein, and negative control sheep were immunised with solubilised protein from E. coli containing the pGEX vector without an Haemonchus insert. Sera from vaccinated sheep were analysed by Western blotting against H110D.

[0130] Screening of the Australian λZAP Library By DNA Hybridisation with M1 AND B1A Inserts

[0131] M1 and B1A plasmid DNAs (cloned in pBluescript) were digested with EcoRI and the inserts isolated by electrophoresis in TBE (tris-borate-EDTA; 89 mM tris-borate, 89 mM boric acid, 2 mM EDTA pH approximately 8.3) buffer in 1% agarose gel, followed by purification using a GENECLEAN kit. The isolation and purification were repeated to avoid contamination of the probe with plasmid DNA sequences which would hybridise to λZAP sequences, causing unacceptable levels of background. The purified insert DNAs were labelled with α-³²P-dCTP using a Nick Translation kit from Promega Biotech according to the manufacturer's instructions. Labelled DNA was separated from unincorporated label by spin column chromatography (Maniatis et al., 1982). Eight 135 mm plates of the λZAP library were plated at 105 pfu/plate, and plaque lifts performed onto nitrocellulose filters (Maniatis et al., 1982). Following baking in a vacuum oven for two hours at 80° C., filters were prehybridised for two hours, then hybridised at 42° C. overnight (as described below in the Southern Blot analysis section). Four filters were screened with the M1 probe and four with the B1A probe. Filters were washed twice in 2× SSC containing 0.5% SDS, once in 1× SSC containing 0.5% SDS and once in 0.5× SSC containing 0.5% SDS, all at 50° C., and autoradiographed. Potential positive plaques were picked, and re-screened with the probes. High titre phage stocks were prepared from confirmed positives (designated M1AUS for the M1-hybridising clone and AustB1 for the B1A-hybridising clone) and the clones rescued into pBLUESCRIPT according to the λZAP manufacturer's instruction manual (Stratagene), using BB4 as the host E. coli strain. Plasmid DNA minipreps of the resultant progeny were prepared by alkaline lysis (Maniatis et al., 1982) and digested with EcoRI. Digests were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis.

[0132] Sequencing of the M1AUS Insert

[0133] DNA sequencing was carried out on purified pBLUESCRIPT plasmid DNA using the United States Biochemicals version 2.0 Sequenase kit, according to the manufacturer's instructions. For the first sequencing reactions primers from the ends of the vector sequence were used to prime the reactions. The sequencing data obtained from these reactions was used to design a second pair of primers and from the data generated with these second primers a third pair were designed. In this way the DNA was sequenced by ‘walking along’ from both the 5′ and 3′ ends.

[0134] Sequencing of the AustB1 Insert

[0135] This was carried out using Sequenase 2.0 T7 polymerase (USB Biochemicals) as descibed for the sequencing of the M1AUS insert.

[0136] Polymerase Chain Reactions

[0137] Preparation of cDNA

[0138] mRNA (1 μg) from 11 day old post-infection U.K. H. contortus, prepared as described for adult UK worms, was mixed with T17 adaptor-primer (5′GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT 3′) in diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated water, then heated to 65° C. for 5 minutes and immediately placed on ice. Methylmercury hydroxide was added to a final concentration of 29.6 mM and the mixture incubated at room temperature for 3 minutes. 2-mercaptoethanol was added to a final concentration of 14.2 mM and the mixture was placed on ice. To synthesize cDNA, RNAse Guard (Pharmacia) was added to 1 unit/μl, Reverse Transcriptase buffer (Life Sciences) to 1 times concentration, dATP, dGTP, dCTP and dTTP each to 1 mM, and AMV Reverse Transcriptase (Life Sciences) to 2 units/μl (all given as final concentrations). The reaction was incubated at 41° C. for 75 minutes, then extracted with phenol and chloroform and purified by spun column chromatography (Maniatis et al, 1982). The purified reaction mix was diluted 2.5-fold and stored at 4° C.

[0139] PCR Amplification of the cDNA Using M1AUS-Specific Primers

[0140] PCR reactions were carried out using a Programmable Thermal Cycler (M.J. Research Inc.). The reaction mix contained 1 μl out of the 250 μl diluted cDNA prepared as described above, 25 pmol of the first strand T17-adaptor-primer, 25 pmol of second strand amplification primer (either that based on positions 865-884 (5′ACGGGTGTTCGGTTTCCGTAT 3′) or that based on positions 30-49 (5′GCTGAATCTAACTCCAATCC 3′) of the M1AUS sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5)), 1× Taq buffer (Northumbria Biologicals Ltd) and 0.5 mM each of dATP, dTTP, dGTP and dCTP, in a 100 μl reaction volume and covered with 40 μl mineral oil to prevent evaporation. This mix was then heated in the thermal cycler to 95° C. for 2 minutes then held at 72° C. Whilst at 72° C. 2 units of Aga Polymerase (Northumbria Biologicals Ltd) was added and mixed gently with the other reactants. The following program was then carried out in the thermal cycler:

[0141] Step 1 Anneal at 50° C. for 5 minutes

[0142] Step 2 Extend at 72° C. for 40 minutes

[0143] Step 3 Denature at 94° C. for 40 seconds

[0144] Step 4 Anneal at 50° C. for 2 minutes

[0145] Step 5 Extend at 72° C. for 3 minutes

[0146] Step 6 39 cycles of steps 3 to 5

[0147] Step Final extension at 72° C. for 15 minutes

[0148] Step 8 Hold at 4° C.

[0149] These conditions were established from Frohman et al., (1988).

[0150] Cloning of the PCR products

[0151] The PCR products from the above reactions were separated by electrophoresis in an agarose gel. Bands of DNA of approximately 2.5 and 3.5 kb were electroeluted onto glass fibre (Whatman), phenol extracted and purified by G50 chromatography (Pharmacia) (Sambrook et al., 1989). The purified DNA was ligated into pT7Blue T-vector (Novagene) following the manufacturer's instructions.

[0152] Sequencing of the 2.5 kb and 3.5 kb PCR Products

[0153] DNA sequencing was carried out with a Sequenase 2.0 kit (US Biochemicals) using the “oligonucleotide walking” technique described in the section on sequencing of M1AUS.

[0154] Polymerase Chain Reactions for the 5′ Ends

[0155] Preparation of First Strand cDNA

[0156] 1 μg of mRNA from 11 day post-infection UK Haemonchus contortus prepared as described for adult worms was mixed with a constant primer (5′-AAIGAAAGCGGATGGCTTGAIGC 3′) designed from a conserved region in AustB1 and the 2.5 kbPCR and 3.5 kbPCR products (SEQ ID NOS: 6, 7 and-8 respectively). The mixture was heated to 65° C. for 5 min., placed on ice and methyl mercury hydroxide added to a final concentration of 28.6 mM. The mixture was incubated at room temperature for 5 min., then 2-mercaptoethanol added to a final concentration of 14.2 mM and the mixture placed on ice. First strand DNA was prepared using reagents from the 5′ RACE system (Gibco/BRL) at a final concentration of 20 mM Tris/HCl pH 8.4, 50 mM KCl, 2.5 mM McgCl₂, 100 μg/ml BSA, 0.5 mM of dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP, 200 Units of Superscript Reverse Transcriptase were added and the reaction was incubated at 42° C. for 30 min. and then heated at 55° C. for 5 min. RNAse H was added to a final concentration of 100 Unit/ml and the reaction incubated at 55° C. for 10 min. and then placed on ice. The cDNA was purified through a Glassmax spin column (Gibco/BRL) and stored at −20° C.

[0157] C-Tailing of the cDNA

[0158] ⅕ of the first strand cDNA was heated at 70° C. for 5 min then chilled on ice for 1 min. Reagents from the 5′RACE system (Gibco/BRL) were added to a final concentration of 10 mM Tris/HCl pH 8.4, 25 mM KCl, 1.25 mM MgCl, 50 ug/ml BSA, 0.2 mM dCTP. 500 Units/ml Terminal transferase were added and the reaction incubated at 37° C. for 10 min, then heated at 70° C. for 15 min and stored on ice.

[0159] PCR Amplification using AustB1, 2.5 kbPCR and 3.5 kbPCR Specific Primers

[0160] The PCR reactions were carried out in a programmable Thermal Cycler (M.J. Research Inc.). For the 3′ end one of 3 primers was used.

[0161] 1. A primer specific for the 2.5 kb PCR product based on positions 374 to 394 (5′TGTTGTGGCTAATTTCGTCCA 3′).

[0162] 2. A primer specific to the 3.5 kb product based on positions 1210 to 1229 (5′CATCTTIAGTTATCTGACCAG 3′).

[0163] 3. A primer specific for the cDNA clone AustB1 based on positions 357 to 377 (5′GACCATCGCTGATGAAGTCGG 3′). For the 5′ end of the reactions a common ‘Anchor primer’ (5′CUACUACUACUAGGCCACGCGTCGACTAGTACGGGIIGGGIIGGGIIG3′) was used. Each reaction mixture contained 4 μl of the 50 μl of C-tailed cDNA, 25 pMol of the appropriate 2 primers, 1× Taq polymerase buffer (Boehringer/Mannheim) and 0.5 mM each dATP,dCTP, dGTP and dTTP to a final volume of 100 μl. This mix was covered with 50 μl of mineral oil and heated to 95° C. in in the cycler for 2 min. The reaction mix was held at 80° C. whilst 0.6 units of Tag Polymerase were added and then put through the following programme:

[0164] 1. Anneal at 50° C. for 5 min.

[0165] 2. Extend at 72° C. for 10 min.

[0166] 3. Denature at 94° C. for 45 sec.

[0167] 4. Anneal at 50° C. for 1 min.

[0168] 5. Extend at 72° C. for 2.5 min.

[0169] 6. 39 cycles of 3 to 5.

[0170] 7. Extend at 72° C. for 15 min.

[0171] 8. Hold at 4° C.

[0172] Cloning of the 5′ PCR Products

[0173] The PCR products were separated by electrophoresis on an agarose gel and bands of the expected size, circa 1.3 kb, were cut out, the DNA purified using a GENECLEAN kit and ligated into PT7Blue T-Vector (Novagene) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

[0174] Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Production of the 3′ End of AUSTB1

[0175] The first strand cDNA used was that described for the production of cDNA for use with M1AUS primers. A specific primer from 1414 to 1435 (5′TCTTGAAGAAATGAAAAAGCTT 3′) in AustB1 (SEQ ID NO: 6) was used with the T17 Adaptor primer used for the M1AUS PCR and the reactions carried out in a thermal cycler (M.J. Research Inc). The reaction mixture consisted of 25 pMol of each primer, 2 μl of cDNA, 1× Taq Polymerase buffer (Boehringer Mannheim), 0.5 mM dATP, dCTP, dGTP and dTTP in 100 μl. These were covered with 50 μl mineral oil and heated to 95° C. for 2 min. 0.6 μl of Taq polymerase was added and the same programme cycle carried out as for the 5′ PCR described above.

[0176] Cloning and Sequencing of the 3′ Products.

[0177] The products of the PCR were separated by electrophoresis in an agarose gel and a band of the expected size, 1.3 kb, cut out and the DNA purified using a GENECLEAN kit and ligated into PCR-Script (Stratagene) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

[0178] Sequencing of the Cloned PCR Products

[0179] The DNA from the PCR clones was sequenced using a Sequenase 2.0 kit (United States Biochemical) as instructed by the manufacturer. Oligonucleotide primers were used to “walk along” the DNA of the clones from both the 5′ and 3′ ends.

[0180] Analysis of All DNA Sequences

[0181] Sequences were analysed using the GCG (Genetics Computer Group) Sequence Analysis Software Package, Devereux et al., 1984.

[0182] Northern and Southern Blot Analyses

[0183] Preparation of Northern Blots

[0184] Northern blots were performed in formaldehyde gels essentially as described in Maniatis et al. (1982). mRNA samples (from 11-, 15- and 23-day old adult H. contortus) were treated with 17.5% v/v formaldehyde and 50% v/v formamide in MOPS buffer (20 mM 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulphonic acid, pH 7.0, 8 mM sodium acetate, 1 mM EDIT-) at 65° C. for 15 minutes, and cooled on ice. Gels were electrophoresed in MOPS buffer, and blotted onto Duraton membranes by capillary transfer as described in Sambrook et al., (1989).

[0185] Preparation of Southern Blots

[0186] Two an of adult Haemonchus contortus which had been snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen were ground to a fine powder in liquid nitrogen. The powder was added slowly to 25 ml of lysis buffer (0.05 M Tris-HCl, pH 8, 0.1 K EDTA, 1% w/v Sarkosyl, 0.05 mg/ml proteinase K (Boehringer Mannheim)) and incubated for two hours at 65° C. The suspension was then extracted twice with one volume of phenol plus chloroform, twice with two volumes of chloroform, and ethanol precipitated. The precipitated genomic DNA was resuspended in 20 ml of Tris, EDTA buffer (TE, pH 8) overnight at 4° C. on a rocking table, then dialysed against two changes of one liter of TE. RNA was removed by incubating with DNase-free RNase A Type 1 (Sigma) at a final concentration of 20 μg/ml, at 37° C. for one hour, followed by one extraction with phenol-chloroform, one extraction with chloroform, and ethanol precipitation, as above. The precipitated genomic DNA pellet was washed twice with 70% v/v ethanol, and resuspended in one ml TE, as above.

[0187] Genomic DNA was digested with EcoRI or HindIII (25 μg of DNA in each digest) overnight at 37° C., then electrophoresed at 5 μg per track on a 1% w/v agarose gel in Tris-acetate buffer. The gel was Southern blotted by capillary transfer as described in Maniatis et al., (1982) onto Hybond-N membrane (Amersham International). DNA was fixed onto the membrane using ultraviolet light, according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

[0188] Preparation of Probes

[0189] pBLUESCRIPT plasmids containing the M1AUS, B1A or AustB1 inserts were digested with EcoRI. pT7Blue plasmids containing 3.5 kbPCR product inserts were digested with BamH1 and those containing 2.5 kbPCR product inserts were digested with BamH1 and Xba1. Digests were electrophoresed, the inserts recovered and radioactively labelled with α-³²P-dCTP by nick translation as described above under screening of the λZAP library.

[0190] Hybridization Conditions

[0191] For Southern Blots

[0192] The membranes were cut into strips and pre-hybridised in hybridisation buffer as described earlier, for 3 hours at 28° C. Genomic DNA Southern blot strips were hybridised to each of the above probes overnight at 28° C., washed twice at room temperature (24° C.) then twice at 42° C., in 2× SSC containing 0.1% w/v SDS (moderate stringency) and autoradiographed. Following development of the autoradiographs, strips were re-washed at a high stringency (0.1× SSC, 0.1% w/v SDS at 65° C.) and re-autoradiographed.

[0193] For Northern Blots

[0194] For Probes M1, M1AUS and B1A (SEQ ID NOS: 1, 5 and 2 Respectively)

[0195] The Northern blot of mRNA from 11, 15 and 23 day-old Haemonchus contortus was probed first with the M1 insert. The filter was prehybridised for 2 hours at 42° C. in 2× SSC (where 20× SSC=3 M NaCl, 0.3 M sodium citrate, pH 7.2) containing 5× Denhardt's (0.1% w/v Ficoll 400 (Pharmacia), 0.1% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1% bovine serum albumin Fraction V (Sigma Chemical Corp)), 0.5% SDS (sodium dodecylsulphate), 10% dextran sulphate, 0.1 mg/ml salmon testes DNA and 50% de-ionised formamide. The hybridisation to the probe was performed in the same buffer overnight at 42° C. The filters were washed twice for 30 minutes in 2× SSC containing 0.5% SDS and 50% formamide, twice for 30 minutes in 2× SSC containing 0.5% SDS and twice for 30 minutes in 2× SSC. The first wash was at 42° C. and all remaining washes were at 37° C. After autoradiography the blot was stripped by washing in boiling 0.1% SDS and re-autoradiographed to ensure removal of the probe. The same blot was then probed with the M1AUS insert, washed and autoradiographed. The blot was again stripped and checked and when clear was then probed with the B1A insert. After stripping again the blot was then probed as described below.

[0196] For probes AustB1, 2.5 kb and 3-5 kb PCR products (SEQ ID NOs: 6, 7 and 8)

[0197] The Northern blot was hybridised with the AustB1 insert using the conditions of moderate stringency as described for Southern blot hybridisation. After autoradiography the blot was stripped with boiling 0.1% SDS according to the membrane manufacturer's instructions (Amersham), then probed with the 2.5 kb PCR insert (clone 2), stripped again and probed with the 3.5 kb PCR (clone 2) insert.

[0198] Digestion of H110D and Assays of Enzyme Activity

[0199] Preparation of H110D

[0200] Native H110D (H110DN) was prepared according to the methods described in WO88/00835 and WO90/11086.

[0201] Preparation of an Elastase Fragment (H11S) of H110D

[0202] Adult Haemonchus were homogenized in 10 volumes of ice cold PBS/0.02% sodium azide and then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 13000 rpm. The pellet was resuspended in 10 volumes of PBS/azide, rehomogenised and the centrifugation repeated. Following resuspension in 50 mM MOPS buffer pH 7.4 (the volume for suspension is 1 ml for each 0.17 g of worms) and pre-warming at 37° C. for 30 minutes, the pellet material was digested with elastase (800 μl/20 ml of suspension; 1 mg/ml fresh stock solution made up in 1 mM HCl/2 mM Ca²⁺) for one hour. The digestion was stopped by the addition of 3,4 dichloroisocoumarin (300 μl of stock 10 mM in DMSO/20 ml of digest). The mixture was centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 20 minutes and the pelleted material retained. The supernatant was ultracentrifuged at 100000 g for 1 hour 20 minutes. The resultant supernatant liquid was applied to a ConA column and the binding fractions obtained. For analysis, this fraction was run on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel and electrophoretically transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore;, lightly stained with Coomassie blue, the 105 kd band excised and analysed in a gas phase amino acid sequenator. For vaccination studies, the ConA binding fractions were further purified by concentrating and applying to a Superose 12 (Pharmacia) gel filtration column and collecting those fractions containing aminopeptidase activity.

[0203] Thermolysin Digestion of H110D

[0204] The H110D doublet was purified by electroelution from a preparative scale 8% SDS-polyacrylamide gel to give H110DE, as described in WO90/11086 and by electroelution of a dimeric form, running at just over 200 kd (which yielded the characteristic doublet at 110 kd when re-run on SDS-PAGE) to give H110DE. Solutions of H110DE were concentrated to 200 μl, calcium chloride was added to 5 mM and the mixture warmed to 37° C. A freshly prepared solution of 1 mg/ml Thermolysin (in 1 mM HCl, 2 mM CaCl₂) was added in a ratio of 0.1 μg Thermolysin per μg H110DE. The mixture was incubated at 37° C. for 120 minutes and the reaction then stopped by addition of 5 μl of 0.5M EDTA.

[0205] The protein fragments were separated by 15% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrophoretically transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore). Following staining with Coomassie blue the most intense discrete bands were excised and analysed in a gas phase amino acid sequenator.

[0206] Preparation of an H110D Fraction (H11A) Enriched for Aminopeptidase A Activity

[0207] The pelleted material obtained after elastase treatment by centrifugation at 17000 g for 20 min. (see above) was resuspended in PBS at 4° C. and repelleted by centrifugation then resuspended in 1% Tween in PBS/azide and left (with stirring) for 1 hour. The suspension was centrifuged at 17,000 g for 20 minutes and the supernatant removed. The pellet was repeatedly extracted with 1% Thesit in PBS/azide. The supernatants after centrifugation at 17,000 g for 20 minutes were combined and ultracentrifuged for 1 hour 20 minutes at 100,000 g. The supernatant was applied to a ConA affinity column (Affigel, Biorad) and the bound material eluted and further fractionated by ion exchange chromatography on a MonoQ column.

[0208] Assays of Enzyme Activities

[0209] α-amino acylpeptide hydrolase (microsomal) aminopeptidase activities in H110D preparations were characterised by assays, in solution, using L-leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, α-glutamic acid and lysine p-nitroanilides (pNA). All the amino acid p-nitroanilide substrates (except α-glutamic acid) were obtained from Sigma, Poole, Dorset UK, α-glutamic acid was from Fluka, Dorset, UK. Single hydrophobic (leucine- or phenyalanine-) and charged (α-glutamic acid-) amino acid pNA known to be substrates for mammalian aminopeptidase-M (ApM) and -A (ApA) respectively, were chosen to measure the effect of enzyme inhibitors and serum inhibition on H110D aminopeptidase activities.

[0210] (a) Microplate Assay

[0211] Micro-ELISA plate (Dynatech Immulon 1, Virginia, USA) wells were each filled with 250 μl of either 50 mM HEPES or MOPS pH 7 plus 1-10 μl of the fraction to be assayed. The plates were then pre-incubated at 37° C. for 10 minutes prior to the addition of 10 μl of 25 mM amino acid p-nitroanilide substrate per well. The time zero optical density (OD) at 405 nm was then measured using an ELISA plate reader and the plates were then incubated at 37° C. for 15-30 minutes. The final OD reading was then taken as before and the OD change per minute per milligram of protein calculated.

[0212] (b) Inhibitor Sensitivity

[0213] The method used for the enzyme assay was as described in (a) above except that the inhibitors were added to the 250 μl of buffer plus 10 μl of 1 mg/ml ConA H110D and pre-incubated for 10 minutes at 37° C. prior to addition of the substrates (leucine-pNA or α-glutamic acid-pNA). The percentage inhibition was calculated as follows ${\frac{x - y}{x} \times 100} = {{percentage}\quad {{inhibition}.}}$

[0214] Where x=the ΔOD/min of the enzyme with no inhibitor added and y=ΔOD/min of the enzyme plus inhibitor. Nine compounds with differing enzyme class inhibition were tested individually: Amastatin, Bestatin (metalloprotease, aminopeptidase), 1,10 phenanthroline, EDTA (metalloprotease), phosphoramidon (metalloprotease, thermolysin, collagenase), Aprotinin (serine protease), Pepstatin (aspartic protease), PMSF (serine and cysteine protease) and E64 (cysteine protease). Amastatin, bestatin, 1,10 phenanthroline, PMSF and pepstatin were obtained from Sigma, Dorset, UK. All the other inhibitors were obtained from Boehringer-Mannheim. Each inhibitor was used at two concentrations equal to or greater than the maximum concentrations recommended by Boehringer-Mannheim.

[0215] (c) Assay of Antiserum Inhibition of Enzyme

[0216] The assay was as described in (a) above except that two micro-ELISA plates were set up. In one plate 10 μl of ConA H110D (1 mg/ml) plus 10 μl of antiserum from each sheep per well were pre-incubated at 37° C. for 15 minutes. The second plate, with 250 μl of HEPES/bicarbonate buffer plus 10 l of either phenylalanine-pNA or α-glutamic acid-pNA substrate per well was also pre-incubated at 37° C. for 15 minutes. The ConA H110D-serum mixtures were then added to the buffer-substrate mixtures in the second plate with a multi-pipette. The ΔOD/min was determined. For the purposes of the correlations, percentage inhibition was calculated using the formula in (b) above where x represents the mean ΔOD/min for the wells which contained enzyme plus serum from negative control sheep (vaccinated with horse spleen ferritin) and y=the ΔOD/min for the wells which contained enzyme plus sera from individual sheep vaccinated with H110D. For the purposes of the correlations (FIG. 18), the percentage protection was calculated using the formula in (b) above where x=either the average faecal egg output per gram or the average worm burden of the controls, and y=either the faecal output per grain during the experiment or the worm burden of the individual sheep vaccinated with H110D.

[0217] Localisation of Enzyme Activity by Histochemistry

[0218] Aminopeptidase activity was demonstrated on 10 μm cryostat sections of adult Haemonchus contortus using L-leucine 4-methoxy-β-naphthylamide and L-glutamic α-4-methoxy-β-naphthylamide as substrates by the methods of Nachlas et al. (1957), Nakane et al. (1974) and Lojda et al. (1980).

[0219] Expression of Recombinant H110D in the Eukaryotic Baculovirus-Insect Cell System

[0220] Construction of Expression Plasmids

[0221] The 3.5K PCR fragments described above, were generated by amplification between an oligo dT adaptor (which contained a SalI site) and oligo 872, which represents base no.'s 30-49 in the M1AUS sequence, and were cloned into the pT7Blue vector. Clone pT73.5-2 is oriented with the vector polylinker BamHI site at its 5′ end and the HindIII, XbaI and SalI sites at the 3′ end. The sequence at the 5′ end is:     BamHI      *!-----oligo 872-----------!--3.5K- ---- 5′ GG ATC CGA TTG CTG AAT CTA ACT CCA ATC C ...... .3′                   Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile ........ .

[0222] The asterisk indicates the 3′ dT/dA overhang used for cloning in the pT7 Blue Vector.

[0223] The 3.5 PCR clone 2 was digested with HindIII (single site in the vector polylinker sequence at the 3′ end of the 3.5K gene) and the ends filled in with deoxynucleotides using DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment), according to Maniatis et al (1982). A BamHI linker-(5′CGGATCCG 3′, New England Biolabs Catalog no. 1021) was ligated to the blunt ends, and clones with an extra BamHI site, allowing a full-length H110D gene sequence to be excised as a BamHI fragment, selected. The BamHI fragment was isolated by electrophoresis on a 0.6% w/v agarose gel in tris-acetate buffer, followed by purification using GENECLEAN (BI0101); this procedure was carried out twice. The purified fragment was then ligated to BamHI-cut, phosphatased pBlueBac II (Invitrogen Corp.), and clones carrying the fragment in the correct orientation (ie. with the 5′ end of 3.5 PCR clone 2 placed under control of the baculovirus polyhedrin promoter) determined by digestion with NheI and XbaI. The resultant plasmid was partially digested with BamHI and the ends filled in as described above. An NcoI linker containing an ATG (5′CCCATGGG 3′; New England Biolabs Catalog no. 1040) was added and the mixture ligated. Clones which had the linker ligated at the 5′ end BamHI site of 3.5 PCR clone 2 rather than the 3′ site, were determined by digestion with NcoI. The resultant plasmid, designated pBB3.5-2(N), is depicted diagrammatically in FIG. 19.

[0224] This construction results in the insertion of an in-frame ATG at the 5′ end of the 3.5 PCR clone 2 insert, to initiate translation. The sequence surrounding this initiating ATG is:   BamHI--NcoI link-BamHI----*′-----oligo 872------ ----- ′-- 5′GGATCCCC ATG GGG ATC CGA TTG CTG AAT CTA ACT CCA ATC C..            Met Gly Ile Arg Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile

[0225] The expressed protein will be missing amino acids 2-9 of the corresponding H110D sequence, and will have 3 amino acids of linker sequence immediately following the ATG.

[0226] Generation of Recombinant Baculovirus Containing H110D Sequences

[0227] The plasmid pBB3.5-2(N) was transfected into Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells (obtainable from Invitrogen Corp), using linear Autographica californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ACNPV) DNA and cationic liposomes (Invitrogen Corp. transfection module), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Cells were cultured in TC-100 medium (SIGMA) supplemented with foetal calf serum (CSL Ltd; heat-inactivated at 56° C. for 45 minutes) and antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin, gentamycin; CSL Ltd). A control transfection, using a pBB3.5-2 (N) plasmid with the ATG inserted at the 3′ end of the 3.5 PCR clone 2 sequence, was also carried out. Recombinant plaques were selected on the basis that the pBlueBac II vector also encodes E. coli β-galactosidase (β-gal), by including X-gal in the agarose overlay at the recommended level. A selection of blue plaques were picked and subjected to two further rounds of plaque purification, after which time infected monolayers showed no evidence of contaminating wild-type virus (which would be evidenced by the presence of nuclear polyhedra). Purified viruses were designated 3.5-2-P2A, -P3A and -P4A, and were amplified by two sequential infections of Sf9 cells before use. A plaque purified from the control transfection was designated 3.5-2-rev.

[0228] Assessment of H110D Expression in Insect Cells Infected with Recombinant Baculovirus

[0229] Monolayers of Sf9 cells (1×10⁶ cells in 25 cm² bottles) were infected with the 3.5-2 viruses, with wild-type (wt) virus, with a control virus expressing β-gal, or were not infected. After four days growth at 26° C., monolayers were detached by gentle shaking, the cells recovered by centrifugation (2000 rpm, 10 minutes), and the cell pellets disrupted by three cycles of freeze-thawing. The lysates were resuspended in 500 μl PBS, and 25 μl aliquots assayed for ApM activity by the micro-well assay.

[0230] 15-1 aliquots (3×10⁴ cell equivalents) of the above lysates were electrophoresed on denaturing 7.5% SDS-polyacrylamide gels. One gel was then stained with Coomassie blue to assess levels of expression. The other gel was Western blotted, and the blot probed with anti-H110DN (as described earlier).

[0231] Results

[0232] Analysis of Immunopositive Clones

[0233] Analysis of Antibodies Affinity Purified on Clone M1

[0234] Affinity-purified antibodies specific for each of the 5 antibody-positive clones were prepared and used to probe a Western blot of H110D-enriched extract. As shown in FIG. 8, all 5 clones appeared to recognise the H110D doublet. However, the reaction with clone M1 gave the strongest signal (FIG. 8d) compared to the λgt11 negative control blot (FIG. 8e). This clone was therefore investigated further.

[0235] Northern Blot Analysis With Clone M1

[0236] Northern blot analysis of Haemonchus contortus mRNA probed with the M1 insert is shown in FIG. 9. A single mRNA band was recognised, at approximately 3.5 kb. This is of sufficient size to code for a protein of about 110 kd.

[0237] Sequence Analysis of Clone M1

[0238] Analysis of restriction digests of the DNA with EcoR1 snowed the M1 insert to be approximately 300 bp. The DNA sequence of the M1 fragment was determined (SEQ ID NO: and is shown in FIG. 3. The fragment comprises 295 bp with an open reading frame starting at base number 3.

[0239] Northern Blot Analysis with Clone B1A

[0240] Northern blot analysis of Haemonchus contortus mRNA probed with the B1A insert is shown in FIG. 9c. As for M1, a single mRNA band was recognised, at approximately 3.5 kb.

[0241] Sequencing of Clones B1A and B2

[0242] Clones of B1A were sequenced (SEQ ID NOS: 2 and 3) and the full sequence (SEQ ID NO: 2) is shown aligned to H11-1 (SEQ ID NO: 19) and AustB1 (SEQ ID NO: 6) in FIG. 5. The insert is 484 bp and has a full ORF from the first base. The 3 fragments of B2 resulting from digestion with EcoR1 were sequenced and the complete sequence for B2 (SEQ ID NO: 4) is 581 bp. It is shown aligned with H11-2 in FIG. 4. The sequence has an ORF from position 3 to 213 bp, the stop codon and untranslated region matching that of the 2.5 kb PCR product sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7).

[0243] Expression of M1 and B1A in E. coli When subcloned into a GST expression vector, clones were obtained which expressed fusion proteins of 38-40 kd for M1 and of 45 kd for B1A. These agree with the predicted sizes for these inserts, allowing for the molecular weight of glutathione-S-transferase. Both fusion proteins reacted very strongly on Western blots with affinity-purified antibodies to H110DE (FIG. 11). The fusion proteins were expressed as insoluble inclusion bodies.

[0244] Antibody Responses in Sheep Vaccinated with M1-GST and B1A-GST Fusion Proteins

[0245] Antisera from sheep injected with the fusion proteins were tested by Western blotting against H110D preparations. Both GST-M1 and GST-B1A raised antibodies which specifically recognised the H110D doublet (FIG. 12). Sera from negative control sheep did not recognise the H110D doublet.

[0246] Isolation and Characterisation of Clones Selected by Hybridisation with M1 OR B1A Insert DNA

[0247] The confirmed positive clone hybridising to the M1 probe was designated M1AUS (SEQ ID NO: 5), and the clone hybridising to B1A was designated AustB1 (SEQ ID NO: 6). Restriction digestion of purified plasmid DNAs with EcoRI indicated an insert size of about 900 bp for M1AUS and of about 1.6 Kb for AustB1. As shown in FIG. 9b) and 9 d), on Northern blots, M1AUS and AustB1 hybridised to the same-sized mRNA (about 3.5 kb) as did M1 and B1A.

[0248] Sequence Analysis of M1AUS

[0249] Full sequencing of the M1AUS fragment was carried out using synthetic oligonucleotides to “walk” along the DNA from either end. Analysis of the sequence obtained revealed that the M1AUS insert was 948 bp, as shown in FIG. 3. The sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) begins with an ATG (which codes for methionine) and has an open reading frame (ORF) over the whole of its length. The sequence is 19 base pairs longer than the M1 sequence at the 5′ end, and 634 bp longer at the 3′ end. The sequence common to the two clones (bases 20 to 314) were identical except for two nucleotide differences in a third codon position. Comparison of all possible reading frames to various databases showed that the reading frame starting with the ATG at base number one shared homology with the members of a family of microsomal aminopeptidases

[0250] Sequence of AustB1

[0251] Full sequencing of the AustB1 fragment was carried out using syntactic oligonucleotides to “walk” along the DNA from either end. The DNA sequence (SEQ ID No: 6) is shown in FIG. 5. The clone is 1689 bp long and has an ORF from residue 2. This sequence forms part of H11-1 as shown in FIG. 1. The amino acid translation of this sequence showed the zinc binding site motif characteristic of aminopeptidases.

[0252] PCR Amplification of the cDNA of the H110D mRNAs PCR using M1 AUS Primers

[0253] cDNA was synthesized from Haemonchus contortus mRNA using as primer oligo-dT containing an adaptor sequence to facilitate subsequent cloning and manipulation of the DNA. This cDNA was then used to amplify the M1AUS sequence by PCR, using as the 5′ end primer a synthetic oligonucleotide based on positions 865-885. A PCR fragment of about 2.5 Kb was amplified. This is approximately the expected size of the fragment, based on the known size of the mRNA and on mammalian aminopeptidase cDNA sequences.

[0254] A second set of PCR reactions was performed using a primer near the 5′ end of M1AUS (bases 30-49). Four bands were detected on an agarose gel. The largest of these, at 3.5 kb, corresponds to the predicted size for the PCR product.

[0255] Cloning and Sequencing of 2.5 kb and 3.5 kb PCR Products from M1AUS Primers

[0256] The 2.5 kb and 3.5 kb PCR products were cloned and designated 2.5PCR (SEQ ID NO: 7) and 3.5PCR (SEQ ID NOS: 8, 14 and 15 for clone numbers 2, 10 and 19 respectively). On Northern-blots 2.5PCR and 3.5PCR (clone 2, 3.5PCR-2) hybridised with mRNA of about 3.5 kb (FIG. 9e, f) in the same pattern (with respect to age of Haemonchus used to obtain the mRNA) as M1, B1A, M1AUS and AustB1.

[0257] Full sequencing of clones was carried out by ‘oligonucleotide walking’. As shown in FIG. 1, the sequence for the 2.5 kb product (SEQ ID NO: 7) is part of H11-2 (SEQ ID NO: 20) and the sequence for the 3.5 kb product (SEQ ID NO: 8) is the major part of H11-3 (SEQ ID NO: 21). The amino acid translations of both these sequences (shown in FIG. 6) contain the zinc binding motif His Glu Xaa Xaa His Xaa Trp (HEXXHXW) characteristic of microsomal aminopeptidases.

[0258] Sequencing of 5′end PCR Clones

[0259] cDNA was synthesised using a primer matching a conserved sequence in cDNA clone AustB1, 2.5PCR and 3.5PCR (SEQ ID NOS: 6, 7 and 8) which hybridises with the mRNA for these sequences about 1.3 Kb from the 5′ end. The cDNAs were C-tailed at the 5′ end and then PCR reactions carried out with a universal Anchor (A) primer for the 5′ end and three primers specific for each of the sequences AUSTB1, 2.5PCR and 3.5PCR-Clone 2 (SEQ ID NOS: 6, 7, 8) for the 3′ end. The reactions each gave a product of the predicted size, just under 1.3 kb: 1301 bp (SEQ ID NO: 9), 1280 bp (SEQ ID NO: 10) and 1292 (SEQ ID NO: 11) respectively. All three sequences have an untranslated region at the 5′ end (FIG. 2). All begin with the same 22 bp sequence (5′GGTTTAATTACCCAAGTTTGAG 3′) which is known as the Spliced Leader Sequence 1 (SL1) and is present in the untranslated 5′ region of a wide variety of nematodes Huang et al., 1990. In SEQ ID NOS: 9 and 10, the SL1 sequence is immediately before the initiating ATG. In SEQ ID NO: 11 there are 13 bp between the SL1 and the initiating ATG. All three sequences have frill ORFs.

[0260] Sequencing of AustB1 3′ end PCR Clone

[0261] Using a specific primer matching positions 1414-1438 in Aust B1 (SEQ ID NO: 6), the PCR product gave a band as predicted of about 1.3 kb. Sequencing of the cloned band yielded the sequences SEQ ID NOS: 12 and 13. They gave an OPF from 1-615 bp and a substantial untransiated region.

[0262] Sequence Analysis of Cloned PCR Products

[0263] Composites of the sequences described above, designated H11-1, H11-2 and H11-3, are shown in FIG. 2. The amino acid sequences predicted from these are shown in FIG. 6a. The validity of the predicted translations of the DNA sequences presented is substantially confirmed by the matches with amino acid sequences determined by Edman degradation from CNBr and proteolytic cleavage fragments (FIG. 7). Thus 27 residues of the 29 residue N-terminal sequence of H11S (SEQ ID NO: 16) match H11-2 from residues 61-90 (FIG. 7b). The matches of valine (V) at position 78 and glycine (G) at position 90 are characteristic of H11-2 since H11-3 has asparagine (N) at position 90 and H11-1 has leucine (L) at position 86 (which corresponds to position 78 in H11-2). Two residues of the H11S N-terminus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 16) do not match any of the three H110D sequences presented here. To be particularly noted are the exact matches of the very similar, but distinctive sequences Pep A and B (previously described in WO90/11086) with H11-2 and H11-1 respectively in the region of residues 540-555. Similarly in the 450-470 residue region, Pep D is an exact match for H11-2, while the similar but distinct Pep E matches more closely H11-3.

[0264] By way of example the translated amino acid sequence of one of the full-length sequences (H11-3) is compared in FIG. 6b with two sequences for mammalian microsomal aminopeptidases. The homology of the H110D translation with these aminopeptidases is shown by boxing identical amino acids: A characteristic motif of microsomal aminopeptidases is the amino acid sequence HEXXHXW, which functions as the zinc binding site (Jongeneel et al., 1989; Vallee et al., 1990); this is shown by asterisks in FIG. 6. This sequence, which is shown to be present in the translations of H11-1, H11-2 and H11-3, is conserved in all the microsomal aminopeptidases. Other features common to the mammalian and Haemonchus microsomal aminopeptidases are the presence of a comparatively short intracellular region, a single transmembrane sequence adjacent to the N-terminus and several potential glycosylation sites. The levels of homology (similarities of 52-55% and identities of 30-32%) of H11-1, -2 and -3 to mammalian microsomal aminopeptidases are shown in Table 2.

[0265] Southern Blot Analyses

[0266] The results of H. contortus genomic DNA Southern blots probed with various H110D cDNA clones and PCR products are shown in FIG. 10. All probes show multiple bands of hybridisation; this is typical of a multigene family. As expected, B1A and AustB1 showed similar hybridisation patterns to each other, as did M1AUS and 3.5 kbPCR. However, these patterns were noticeably different from each other and from that seen with the 2.5 KbPCR probe, even under conditions of moderate stringency (FIG. 10A), reflecting the differing levels of homology between these three cDNAs.

[0267] Demonstration of Aminopeptidase Activities Associated With H110D

[0268] Microsomal aminopeptidase activity was found to associate with those fractions containing H110D, that is the supernatants from ultracentrifugation of Thesit extracts, ConA binding fraction (ConA H110D) and the fractions containing H110D obtained by ion exchange chromatography on a MonoQ column (Table 3). The specific activities with all substrates tested increased as the purity of the H110D increased. TABLE 3 ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF FRACTIONS FROM A TYPICAL H110D PREPARATION SPECIFIC ENZYME ACTIVITIES (O.D./minute/mg protein) Phenyl- α- alanine- Leucine- Lysine- Glutamic Methionine- FRACTION pNA pNA pNA acid-pNA pNA Phosphate 0.20 0.08 0.12 0.01 0.16 buffered saline (PBS) 1% Tween 0.15 0.15 0.09 0.01 0.09 20/PBS 1% Thesit/PBS 1.94 1.25 0.57 0.54 1.91 ConA H110D 4.08 3.01 1.43 2.09 3.84 CamQ H110D 6.55 5.01 3.01 3.90 6.41

[0269] Effects of Inhibitors of Mammalian Aminopeptidases on H110D Aminopeptidase Activities

[0270] Addition of the inhibitor bestatin (which inhibits mammalian microsomal aminopeptidase) to ConA H110D at the concentration recommended by the supplier (Boehringer Mannheim) reduced the activity against leucine-p-nitroanilide by approximately 70%. A series of experiments were performed to test inhibition of activity by a range of protease inhibitors. Those inhibitors which were not specific for metalloproteases or aminopeptidases had no inhibitory effects on the reaction rate. Inhibitors that are known to affect metalloproteases or aminopeptidases did have an effect on reaction rates, as shown in Table 4. The most effective inhibitor was 5 mM phenanthroline. PERCENTAGE PERCENTAGE INHIBITION INHIBITION α-glutamic acid- Leucine-p- CONCEN- p-nitroanilide nitroanilide INHIBITOR TRATION substrate¹ substrate² Amastatin  10 μM 0 61  50 μM 0 66 Bestatin  50 μM 23 63 100 μM 35 68 EDTA  1 mM 17 8  10 mM 21 16 1,10 phenanthroline  1 mM 78 78  10 mM 85 87 Phosphoramidon  10 μM 1 0.8  50 μM 1 7

[0271] Sub-Fractionation of H110D

[0272] The distribution of activities associated with fractions from ion exchange chromatography of ConAH110D on MonoQ are shown in FIG. 13a and SDS-PAGE of the fractions in FIG. 13b.

[0273] Further, enzymatic activity was associated with sub-fractions of H110D separated by re-cycling free flow isoelectric focussing (FIGS. 14 and 15). At lower pI values (pH 4.5) these sub-fractions contain only the larger of the bands which make up the H110D doublet seen on SDS-PAGE and at higher values (pH 6.5) they contain only the smaller of bands which make up the H110D doublet. Intermediate fractions contain both these bands. The smaller band may also be obtained as a separate fraction by ion exchange chromatography on MonoQ using the Pharmacia SMART^(R) apparatus. All these sub-fractions bind sheep antibodies to H110D affinity purified on the protein expressed by the the λgt11 clone M1 whereas antibodies eluted from λgt11 with no insert do not bind (FIG. 14c). All the sub-fractions bind mouse monoclonal antibodies designated TS 3/19.7 (FIG. 14c) which also bind to the recombinant protein expressed by clone M1. All the sub-fractions show microsomal aminopeptidase activity (FIG. 15c) although this activity is comparatively low in the fractions obtained at the highest and lowest pIs. This lower activity may be attributed to lowered protein concentrations, effects of extremes of pH during sub-fractionation or a requirement for the presence of both larger and smaller bands for maximal activity.

[0274] Vaccination with Separated Components of H110D

[0275] The separated upper and lower bands obtained by free flow isoelectric focussing or by ion exchange chromatography induce the formation of protective antibodies when infected into sheep as exemplified in one following experiment. Thirty sheep approximately six months old were assigned to 5 groups of 6 so that each group was matched for range of weights of sheep. Each animal was injected with a total of 150 μg protein given in 3 equal doses as described in Munn et al. (1992) and Tavernor et al. (1992a, b) over a period of 54 days. The animals in group L were injected with the lower (smaller) band of the H11O Doublet, those in group U with the upper band, U+L with recombined upper and lower bands, D with the two (unseparated) bands obtained by free-flow isoelectric focussing at intermediate pH values and as a control (group C) horse spleen ferritin (an antigenic unrelated protein). The sheep were challenged with 10,000 infective larvae three weeks after the third injection and the experiment terminated 29-31 days post infection. The outcome of the experiment is summarised in FIG. 16. Injection of any of the sub-fractions reduced parasite egg output throughout the trial by some 90% and reduced total worm numbers by 63-84%, all showing a significant difference (p<0.05) to the controls using non-parametric statistical analyses. Reductions (70-88%) in the numbers of female worms were greater than the reductions in the numbers of male worms, and (except for the reduction in male worm numbers in the sheep injected with the recombined upper and lower bands where p<0.07) for both sexes the reductions were significant (p<0.05).

[0276] Vaccination with H11S and H11A

[0277] A truncated, water-soluble form of H110D (H11S; which retains its enzymic activity) may be obtained from the native molecule by treatment with elastase. This form was found to contain predominantly ApM-like enzyme activity and a Thesit extract of the elastase digested pellet (H11A) was enriched for ApA-like activity (see Table 5). TABLE 5 Ratio Aminopeptidase-M:Aminopeptidase-A (leucine-pNA) (α-glutamic acid-pNA) H110D 1.44:1 H11S 26.0:1 H11A 0.48:1

[0278] The following experiment shows that vaccination of sheep with either H11S or H11A gives protection against Haemonchus challenge or infection. Eighteen sheep approximately eight months old were assigned to 3 groups of 6 so that each group was matched for range of weights of sheep. Each animal was injected with a total of 100 μg protein given in 2 equal doses as described in Munn et al. (1992) and Tavernor et al. (1992a, b) over a period of 23 days. The animals in group A were injected with H11A, those in group S with H11S and those in group C with horse spleen ferritin (an antigenically unrelated protein) as a negative control. The sheep were then challenged with 10,000 infective larvae 25 days after the second injection and the experiment terminated at 34-36 days post infection. The outcome of the experiment is summarised in FIG. 17. Injection of H11S reduced parasite egg output throughout the trial by 89% and reduced total worm numbers by 76%. Injection of H11A reduced parasite egg output throughout the trial by 98% and reduced total worm numbers by 84%. These showed a significant difference (p<0.05) from the controls using non-parametric statistical analyses.

[0279] Inhibition of H110D Aminopeptidase Activities by Antibodies

[0280] Solutions containing H110D were incubated with sera from individual sheep injected with fractions containing H110D or from control sheep. The solutions were then assayed for aminopeptidase activities using phenylalanine and α-glutamic acid pNAs as substrates. The degree of inhibition of activity (maximally 80%) correlated with the level of protection shown by the individual sheep from which the sera were obtained (see FIG. 18).

[0281] Localisation of Enzyme Activity

[0282] Frozen sections of adult Haemonchus contortus were examined for aminopeptidase activity. As shown in FIG. 19, aminopeptidase enzyme activities are localised to the luminal surface of the intestine. H110D protein is also specifically found in this location.

[0283] Expression of H110D (3.5 PCR Clone 2) Using the Eukaryotic Baculovirus-Insect Cell System

[0284] Expression of Aminopeptidase Activity in Insect Cells

[0285] Infected cells were harvested and assayed for aminopeptidase activities using phe-, leu-, met- and lys-pNA as substrates. The assay was complicated by the observation that the insect cells possess an aminopeptidase activity with a marked preference for lys-linked amide bonds. However, cell extracts containing the expressed H110D additionally cleaved leu-, met- and phe-pNA in that order of preference.

[0286] Molecular Weight and Immunoreactivity of the Expressed H110D (3.5 PCR clone 2) Protein

[0287] Samples of infected or control cell extracts were electrophoresed on a 7.5% SDS-polyacrylamide gel, which was then stained with Coomassie Blue. The 3.5-2-P3A and 3.5-2-P4A infected cell lysates both had a band at the same size as H110D, 110 kd, which migrated directly beneath the co-expressed β-gal, which has a molecular weight or 120 kd. This 110 kd band was not present in any of the negative control lysates. (It was also absent from the P2A lysate, which did not express enzyme activity).

[0288] A duplicate gel was Western blotted and probed with anti-H110DN (FIG. 21). A very strong, specific positive immunoreaction was obtained to the 110 kd band expressed by 3.5-2-P3A and 3.5-2-P4A, and to the native H110D doublet in a control track containing ConA H110D, while no reaction was seen in any of the negative control tracks.

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1 75 1 295 DNA Haemonchus contortus 1 cgcggacatt gctgaatcta actccaatcc gtcttattgt cgcattattt ctagtagctg 60 ctgcagtcgg cctctctatt ggtctcacct attactttac tcgcaaagcg ttcgatacct 120 cagaaaagcc agggaaggat gatactggtg gcaaggacaa agacaattct ccctctgcgg 180 cggaactact tcttccaagt aatataaaac cattgtctta cgacttgacg atcaaaacat 240 atctacctgg ttatgtggac ttcccaccgg agaaaaacct cacattcgac gggcg 295 2 484 DNA Haemonchus contortus 2 gcaatatcag gattcaatac aattttggac tttttcggca gcgaacccga atctcaatgg 60 gcttcggaat acatgcgaaa actgatgaag ccaatttatg acaagagtag catcaagttt 120 atagcggaga actacaaaaa agattcgctt ttcttcaaaa ataatctcca aatagctgtt 180 attgacacat actgtggtct tggaggcaaa gaatgtcttg aagaaatgaa aaagcttttt 240 gacaaggagg tcatgaaatg tcaacctggt cagcaagcga ccgactgcgt aaaggtaact 300 gctcctctcc gaaaaactgt ttactgctat ggggtccagg aaggcggtga tgaggcattc 360 gacaaggtga tggaactata taatgcggaa caagtgcagt tggagaaaga cagtctacgt 420 gaagcattgg gatgccataa agacgttaca gctctaaagg gacttcttat gctggctttg 480 gatc 484 3 216 DNA Haemonchus contortus 3 acctggtcag caagcgaccg actgcgtaaa ggtaactgct cctctcaaaa ctgtttactg 60 ctatggggtc caggaaggcg gtgatgaggc attcgacaag gtgatggaac tatataatgc 120 ggaacaagtg cagttggaga aagacagtct acgtgaagca ttgggatgcc ataaagacgt 180 tacagctcta aagggacttc ttatgctggc tttgga 216 4 581 DNA Haemonchus contortus 4 gggaggaaat cactgcgagc ttggaaacag aacacagagc agttgataaa gtggtcggcg 60 cttgttgcac aggaattcgc tcccaacaac aaatagatca gctgaagaag aatctacaga 120 agaacaatgc gcaggctaag aagttccata aaattgcctg gatcaagaaa cattttcaca 180 gattatcgga attcttcaag agagcaagat catagctttt cacactgagc tccaatttta 240 acgtcttcaa actaggagac agttttgctg aaaagtcagt ttcacatttt ccgtttgaat 300 gccatccatt cgaatacaac caaccccatt ttaagtacct ttcattcaca gtgattacta 360 aatttcgaat atattatgaa gcttgtatct tgaacgttat gatcggtgac tttcaattta 420 tagagctcac tctccatttt gtagctgtga tgacttgcat ttaagaccca ccatttacca 480 gcctataatc tttccccaat acattccaaa ctccgatcac ctccaccgct gacaatgccc 540 agatttgttt ctttgtctgc tatccatcta actgtttcga t 581 5 948 DNA Haemonchus contortus 5 atgacgtcgc aggggagaac gcggacattg ctgaatctaa ctccaatccg tcttattgtc 60 gcattatttc tagtagctgc tgcagtcggc ctctctattg gtctcaccta ttactttact 120 cgcaaagcgt tcgatacctc agaaaagcca gggaaggatg atactggtgg caaggacaaa 180 gacaattctc cctctgcggc ggaactactc cttccaagta atataaaacc attgtcttac 240 gacttgacga tcaaaacata tctacctggt tatgtggact tcccaccgga gaaaaacctc 300 acattcgatg ggcgtgtgga aatatcaatg gttgtaattg agccaacaaa gagtatcgta 360 ctcaattcaa agaagatctc tgtaataccc caagaatgtg aactggtatc gggcgataaa 420 aaattcgaaa ttgaaagtgt aaaggagcac ccaagactgg aaaaggttga gtttcttatc 480 aaaagccaac tggaaaaaga ttcacaaatc ttgctcaagt cggcttacat cggtctcatc 540 agcaacagcc ttggtggaat ctaccagacc acttatacca ccccggatgg cacccctaag 600 atcgctgcag tttcacaaaa tgagcccata gatgctcgtc gaatggtacc atgcatggat 660 gaaccgaaat acaaagcaaa ctggaccgtt actgtcattc atccaaaagg caccaaagcc 720 gtctcgaatg gaatcgaagt gaacggagat ggagagatca gtggtgattg gatcacatcg 780 aagttcttga ctactccacg gatgtcatcc tacttgttgg cagttatggt ttcagaattt 840 gaatacatcg aaggtgaaac aaagacgggt gttcggttcc gtatatggtc acgcccagag 900 gcaaagaaga tgacacaata tgctctgcaa tctggtatca agtgcata 948 6 1689 DNA Haemonchus contortus 6 aattccggct cgtccggaag ctatgaagat gacagaatat gccatgatag ctggaatcaa 60 atgtttggat tactatgagg acttcttcgg gatcaaattc ccacttccaa aacaagatat 120 ggttgctctt cctgacttct catctggtgc tatggagaac tggggtctca tcacatacag 180 ggagggttcc gtgctctacg atgaaaacct ctacggacca atgaataagg agcgggttgc 240 agaagtgatc gcgcacgaac ttgcacatca gtggttcggt aatttggtca cgatgaagtg 300 gtgggataac ctatggctga acgaaggatt cgcgtcattc gtggaataca tcggagccga 360 cttcatcagc gatggtctat gggaaatgaa agatttcttc ctgctggcac cgtacacaag 420 tggtattacg gctgatgcag tagcttcaag ccatccgctt tccttcagaa tagataaggc 480 tgcagatgta tcagaagcgt tcgatgatat cacataccgt aaaggagcat ccgttcttca 540 aatgctattg aatttagttg gggacgaaaa tttcaagcag tctgtttcgc gttacctcaa 600 gaagttttca tatgataatg cggctgctga agatttatgg gcagcattcg acgaaaccgt 660 ccaaggtata accggaccta atggtggacc attgaaaatg tccgagtttg cgccacaatg 720 gacaactcag atggggttcc ctgttcttac tgtcgagtcg gttaacgcaa cgactttgaa 780 agtcacccaa aaacgataca ggcagaacaa ggatgcaaag gaaccagaga agtaccgtca 840 tccaacttat gggttcaaat gggatgttcc tctgtggtat caggaagatg aacagcaagt 900 gaaaagaact tggttaaaaa gagaggaacc gctctatttc catgtaagca attctgattc 960 gtcagttgtg gtgaatgccg aacgtcgtgc tttttgccga tcaaactatg acgctaacgg 1020 ttggaggaac attatgagaa gactcaagca gaatcataag gtctatggtc cacgaacaag 1080 aaacgctctc ataagtgatg cgtttgcagc agctgcagtt gaggaaatga attacgagac 1140 cgtatttgaa atgctcaaat acaccgtgaa agaagaggat tacttaccat ggaaggaggc 1200 aatatcagga ttcaatacaa ttttggactt tttcggcagc gaacccgaat ctcaatgggc 1260 ttcggaatac atgcgaaaac tgatgaagcc aatttatgac aagagtagca tcaagtttat 1320 agcggagaac tacaaaaaag attcgctttt cttcaaaaat aatctccaaa tagctgttat 1380 tgacacatac tgtggtcttg gaggcaaaga atgtcttgaa gaaatgaaaa agctttttga 1440 caaggaggtc atgaaatgtc aacctggtca gcaagcgacc gactgcgtaa aggtaactgc 1500 tcctctccga aaaactgttt actgctatgg ggtccaggaa ggcggtgatg aggcattcga 1560 caaggtgatg gaactatata atgcggaaca agtgcagttg gagaaagaca gtctacgtga 1620 agcattggga tgccataaag acgttacagc tctaaaggga cttcttatgc tggctttgga 1680 tcggaattc 1689 7 2472 DNA Haemonchus contortus 7 acgggtgttc ggttccgtat atggtctcga ccagaggcga aacgaatgac ggcatacgct 60 ttggatgctg gcatcagatg cctggagttc tatgagaagt tctttgacat aaaattccct 120 ctggaaaaac aagatatgat tgctcttcct gatttcaccg ctggtgccat ggaaaactgg 180 ggccttatca cttatagaga ggattctctc ctatacgatg aaaaaattta tgcaccgatg 240 aataaacagc gggttgctct cgtagttgct cacgagcttg ctcatcagtg gttcggcaat 300 ctggtcacac tgaagtggtg ggatgatacg tggttgaacg aaggttttgc aacatttgtt 360 gagtatcttg gaatggacga aattagccac aacaatttca gaacgcaaga tttcttcttg 420 ctcgatggaa tggatcgcgg aatgagagct gactcggcag catcgagcca tccgctttcg 480 tttaggattg acaaagcggc agaagttgcc gaagcctttg acgatatttc atacgccaag 540 ggagcgtcag ttctcactat gctacgggct ttgattggag aggacaatta caggaatgct 600 gttgtgcaat acctcaagaa gttctcctac agcaatgcac aagcagccga tctgtggaac 660 gtcttcaatg aagttgtcaa aggtgttaag ggtcctgacg gcaacgtcat gaaaatcgac 720 caatttaccg atcagtggac gtatcagatg ggttatcctg tggttaaagt agaagaattt 780 aatgcgaccg ccctaaaggt tacgcagagc cggtacaaga caaataaaga cgccttggaa 840 ccagagaaat atcgtaatcc aaaatacggg ttcaagtggg atgttcccct atggtatcag 900 gaaggcaata gcaaagaggt gaagcgaaca tggctaaaaa gagatgaacc gctgtacttg 960 aacgtcaaca atcgggatac atcccttgtg gtgaacgctg atcgacatgg attttatcga 1020 caaaactatg atgccaacgg ttggaaaaag ataatcaagc agctcaagaa agatcacaag 1080 gtcttcggtc caaggacaag gaacgctatc ataagcgatg catttgctgc agctacgatt 1140 gacgcaatcg actatgaaac tgtattcgaa ctacttgaat atgccaaaaa tgaagaggaa 1200 ttcttgcctt ggaaggaagc tctgtccggc atgttcgcag ttttaaagtt cttcggtaat 1260 gagccggaga caaaaccagc tagagcttac atgatgagca tattagaacc gatgtataat 1320 aagagcagca ttgattacat cgtcaagaat tatttggatg atacgttatt cacaaaaatt 1380 aatactcaaa aggatatcat tgatgcatat tgttcccttg gatcaaagga ctgtataaag 1440 caatataagg atatcttcta cgatgaggtt atgctcaagt gtaaggccgg ggaagcagca 1500 accaaatgcg ttaaggtttc cgctcctctt cgagccaatg tttactgtta tggtgtacag 1560 gaaggtggtg aagaagcttt tgaaaaggtg atggggctgt atctagcaga agatgttcaa 1620 ctggagaagg gtatcctgtt caaagccttg gcatgccaca aagatgttac agctctaaaa 1680 gaacttcttt tgcgagccct ggaccgtaaa tcgtcgtttg tgcgtcttca ggatgtccct 1740 accgctttcc gtgctgtatc tgaaaaccct gtgggcgaag aattcatgtt caatttccta 1800 atggagagat gggaggaaat cactgcgagc ttggaaacag aacacagagc agttgataaa 1860 gtggtcggcg cttgttgcac aggaattcgc tcccaacaac aaatagatca gctgaagaat 1920 ctacagaaga acaatgcgca ggctaagaag ttcggctcat tcacccagga aatcgaaaaa 1980 ggagaacata aaattgcctg gatcaagaaa cattttcaca gattatcgga attcttcaag 2040 agagcaagat catagctttt cacactgagc tccaatttta acgtcttcaa actaggagac 2100 agttttgctg aaaagtcagt ttcacatttt ccgtttgaat gccatccatt cgaatacaac 2160 caataatacc attttaagta cctttcattc acagtgatta ctgaatttcg aatatatcat 2220 gaagcttgta tcttgaacgt tatgatcggt gactttcaat ttatagagct cactctccat 2280 tttgtagctg tgatgacttg catttaagac ccaccattta ccagcctaga atctttcccc 2340 aatacattcc aaactccgat cacctccacc gctgacaatg cccagatttg tttttttgtc 2400 tgctatccat ctaactgttt cgatcgccgg ttgtttgtca attgcttatc tgataaatat 2460 tgacgttggt gt 2472 8 3305 DNA Haemonchus contortus 8 gctgaatcta actccaatcc gtcttattgt cgcattattt ctagtagctg ctgcagtcgg 60 cctctctatt ggtctcacct attactttac tcgcaaagcg ttcgatacct cagaaaagcc 120 agggaaggat gatactggtg gcaaggacaa agacaattct ccctctgcgg cggaactact 180 ccttccaagt aatataaaac cattgtctta cgacttgacg atcaaaacat atctacctgg 240 ttatgtggac ttcccaccgg agaaaaacct cacattcgat gggcgtgtgg aaatatcaat 300 ggttgtaatt gagccaacaa agagtatcgt actcaattca aagaagatct ctgtaatacc 360 ccaagaatgt gaactggtat cgggcgataa aaaactcgaa attgaaagtg taaaggagca 420 cccaagactg gaaaaggttg agtttcttat caaaagccaa ctggaaaaag atcaacaaat 480 cttgctcaag gtcggctaca tcggtctcat cagcaacagc tttggtggaa tctaccagac 540 cacttatacc accccggatg gcacccctaa gatcgctgca gtttcacaaa atgagcccat 600 agatgctcgt cgaatggtac catgcatgga tgaaccgaaa tacaaagcaa actggaccgt 660 tactgtcatt catccaaaag gcaccaaagc cgtctcgaat ggaatcgaag tgaacggaga 720 tggagagatc agtggtgatt ggatcacatc gaagttcttg actactccac ggatgtcatc 780 ctacttgttg gcagttatgg tttcagaatt tgaatacatc gaaggtgaaa caaagacggg 840 tgttcggttc cgtatatggt cacgcccaga ggcaaagaag atgacacaat atgctctgca 900 atctggtatc aagtgcatag aattctacga agatttcttt gatatcagat tccctctgaa 960 gaaacaagat atgattgccc ttcctgattt ctctgccggt gccatggaga attggggcct 1020 catcacttac agggaaaact ctttgttgta cgatgacaga ttctatgcac cgatgaataa 1080 acagcgaatt gctcgcattg ttgctcatga gcttgctcat cagtggttcg gcgacttggt 1140 tacgatgaag tggtgggata atttgtggtt gaatgaaggt tttgcaagat tcacagaatt 1200 tattggagct ggtcagataa ctcaagatga cgccagaatg aggaactact tcctgattga 1260 tgtacttgaa cgcgctttga aagctgattc ggtagcgtca agccatccac tttccttcag 1320 aatcgacaaa gctgcagaag ttgaagaagc ctttgatgat atcacatacg ccaaaggagc 1380 ttctgttctt actatgctga gagccttgat tggagaagaa aaacataagc atgcagtatc 1440 gcagtacctc aagaagttct cgtatagcaa tgcagaagcg actgatctat gggcagtttt 1500 tgatgaagtt gtcactgacg tcgaaggtcc agacggcaaa cctatgaaaa ccacagagtt 1560 tgcaagtcag tggacgactc agatgggctt cccagttatt tccgtagcag agtttaactc 1620 gactactttg aaattaacgc aaagtcgata tgaggcgaat aaagacgctg tggagaaaga 1680 gaagtaccgt cacccgaaat acggatttaa atgggatatt ccactgtggt atcaggaagg 1740 cgataagaag gagataaagc gaacatggtt gagaagagat gaaccgcttt acttgcatgt 1800 tagtgatgct ggcgctccct ttgtggtgaa cgcagaccgc tatggatttt atcgacaaaa 1860 tcatgacgct aatggttgga aaaagataat caagcagctc aaggataatc atgaggttta 1920 cagtccccgg acaaggaatg tcatcattag cgatgcgttt gctgcggctg caactgacgc 1980 aattgagtat gagactgtat ttgaacttct gaattatgcc gaaaaagaaa cggaatatct 2040 accattagaa atcgcaatgt ccgggatctc ttcgattttg aaatacttcc ctaccgagcc 2100 agaggcaaag ccagctcaaa catacatgat gaacatattg aaaccgatgt atgaaaaaag 2160 cagtatcgac ttcattgcca ataactacag aaatgacaag ctgtttttcc aaatcaacct 2220 ccaaaaagat gtcattgata tgttctgcgc cctcggatcg caagactgca ggaagaaata 2280 taaaaaactt ttcgatgacg aagtcatgaa caaatgcagg gatggtcaag cagcaaccga 2340 atgcgtaaga atcgccgctc ctctccgatc aagtgtttat tgttatggtg tgaaggaagg 2400 cggtgattat gcttccgaca aggtgatgga gctttatacg gccgaaacac tcgccctaga 2460 aaaagacttc ctacgcctag cattgggatg tcataaagat gttactgctt tgaaaggact 2520 tctcttgcgg gctctggaca ggaattcgtc gttcgtacgt atgcaggata tcccaagtgc 2580 tttcaacgat gtagcagcaa atcctattgg cgaagaattc attttcaatt tccttattga 2640 gagatggcca gatatcattg aaagtatagg aacgaagcac acatatgttg agaaagtgat 2700 accagcctgc acttcaggaa tccgctcaca acagcagatt gaccagctga agaatctgca 2760 gaaaaatggc atgaacgctc gtcaattcgg tgcattcgat aaagcaatcg aacgagcaca 2820 aaatagggtg gattggatta aaaaacattt ccaaaaatta gcggctttct tcaagaaagc 2880 caccttgtaa ttcgaattac attgccagta atccagatct taaagttcat gaaggaatat 2940 gacagggaac tgactgtctg ttggtcactg ttccactgaa tggaagtttt tacctacaaa 3000 aatttttatc gttatatttg ccttccgtga ggggtcattg ttgtcacttg aatagtaaac 3060 aaagctcagt attggcaacc gtagaacaat attactttcg cttcatcaaa ttgttatctt 3120 ccctataccc tcttcctaac tgaattcgga aatttgttca tattcgtttg tagtctgttg 3180 ctcagaacac tttctcctca atagcttctt gtttgttttt tttttgattg tattgatcgt 3240 tttacaattg tatagattag ttatcttata aatattgatg gttaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 3300 aaaaa 3305 9 1301 DNA Haemonchus contortus 9 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg agatgacagc agaggagagt caggagcagg agacgcagca 60 accacgaaaa aatacagtgc tacggctcac cccaatcaag tctctctttg ctttgttagt 120 ggtagctgct gccgtcggcc tctcaatcgg tctcacctat tactttacaa ggaaagcttt 180 tgatactact ggcggaaatg gaaaagggga tcaacctatt gtcgatgata attccccatc 240 agctgaagaa ttacgtctcc caacaaccat aaaacctttg acatacgact tagtaatcaa 300 aacgtatctg ccaaactatg taaactatcc acctcagaaa gatttcgcta ttgatgggac 360 tgtggtgatt gctatggaag ttgtggagcc aacaaagtct attgtgctca actcgaaaaa 420 tattcctgta attgcagacc agtgcgaact gttttctaac aaccaaaaac tcgacatcga 480 aaaggttgtg gatcagccaa ggctggagaa agtcgaattc gttttgaaga aaaagctgga 540 gaagaatcag aaaatcacgc tcaagattgt atacattggc cttatcaacg acatgcttgg 600 aggactttat cgaacaacct acacggataa agatggtaca accaagattg ctgcatgcac 660 tcatatggaa ccgacggacg cccgtcttat ggtcccctgt ttcgacgagc cgacgtttaa 720 ggcaaactgg actgtgactg tgattcatcc gaagggcacc agtgccgtgt cgaatggaat 780 agaaaaggga gaaggagaag tctctggcga ttgggtcaca accagattcg atccaacccc 840 gcgaatgcct tcgtatttga ttgctcttgt gatttccgaa tttaagtaca ttgaaaatta 900 tacgaaaagc ggtgttcgat tccgaatatg ggctcgtccg gaagctatga agatgacaga 960 atatgccatg gtagctggaa tcaaatgctt ggattactat gaggacttct tcgggatcaa 1020 attccctctt ccaaaacaag atatggttgc tcttcctgac ttctcatctg gtgctatgga 1080 gaactggggt ctcatcacat acagggaggg ttccgtacta tacgatgaaa acctctatgg 1140 accaatgaat aaggagcggg ttgcagaagt gattgcacac gagcttgcac atcagtggtt 1200 cggtaatttg gtcacgatga agtggtggga taacctatgg ctaaacgaag gattcgcgtc 1260 attcgtagaa tacattggag ccgacttcat cagcgatggt c 1301 10 1280 DNA Haemonchus contortus 10 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg agatgacggc ggagtggcag aagcgtcgaa tcttgggctt 60 ctcacctatc agcctacttt gtacattatt tgtattagct gctgccgttg gactctccat 120 tggtcttacc tattacttca ctcgtaaagc attcgatacc acacaaaaag aacagaagga 180 tgacagtggt ggtaaagaaa aggataattc tccttctgca gaagaactac ttcttccaac 240 gaacataaaa ccagtctcgt acgacttgaa catcaaaaca tatctaccgg gttacgtgaa 300 ctttccacca gaaaagaatc tcacatttga tgcccatgtg gagattgcta tggttgtggt 360 tgagcctaca aatagtattg tgctgaactc gaagaaaatc actttggcac aaggaggatg 420 cgaactgttc tcaggtaatc agaaacttga catcgaaagt gtaaagatgc aggaaagact 480 tgacaagctt gagattaccc tcaaaaatca gctgcaaaaa gatctgaaaa tcctgctcaa 540 gatcacttac accggcctta ttagcgacac tctcggtggg ctctaccagt ccatctacac 600 tgataaggac ggaaaaacta agatcgttgc tgtttcacaa aatgaaccat cagacgctcg 660 tcgtatagcg ccatgctttg acgaaccgaa gtacaaggca acatggactg tcaccgtcgt 720 tcatcccaaa ggtacaaagg ctgcatcgaa cggcattgaa gcaaatggaa aaggggagct 780 caagggtgat tggataacgt ctaaatttaa aactacccca ccgatgtcgt cctatttatt 840 ggctattatt gtttgtgaat ttgaatacat tgaaggattt acaaaaacag gtgtacggtt 900 ccgtatatgg tctcgaccag aggcgatggc aatgacggga tatgccctgg atgctggcat 960 cagatgtctg gagttctatg agagattctt tgacatcaaa ttccctctgg aaaaacaaga 1020 tatgattgct ctacctgatt tcaccgctgg tgctatggaa aactggggtc ttatcactta 1080 cagagaggat tctcttctat acgatgagaa aatttatgcg ccgatgaata agcagcgggt 1140 tgctctcgta gttgcacacg agcttgctca tcagtggttc ggcaatctgg tcacattgaa 1200 gtggtgggat gatacgtggt tgaacgaagg ttttgcgaca tttgttgaat atcttggaat 1260 ggacgaaatt agccacaaca 1280 11 1293 DNA Haemonchus contortus 11 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg agggtctcca tctagatgac gtcgcagggg agaacgcgga 60 cattgctgaa tctaactcca atccgtctta ttgtcgcatt atttctagta gctgctgcag 120 tcggcctctc tattggtctc acctattact ttactcgcaa agcgttcgat acctcagaaa 180 agccagggaa ggatgatact ggtggcaagg acaaagacaa ttctccctct gcggcggaac 240 tactccttcc aagtaatata aaaccattgt cttacgactt gacgatcaaa acatatctac 300 ctggttatgt ggacttccca ccggagaaaa acctcacatt cgatgggcgt gtggaaatat 360 caatggttgt aattgagcca acaaagagta tcgtactcaa ttcaaagaag atctctgtaa 420 taccccaaga atgtgaactg gtatcgggcg ataaaaaact cgaaattgaa agtgtaaagg 480 agcacccaag actggaaaag gttgagtttc ttatcaaaag ccaactggaa aaagatcaac 540 aaatcttgct caaggtcggc tacatcggtc tcatcagcaa cagccttggt ggaatctacc 600 agaccactta taccaccccg gatggcaccc ctaagatcgc tgcagtttca caaaatgagc 660 ccatagatgc tcgtcgaatg gtaccatgca tggatgaacc gaaatacaaa gcaaactgga 720 ccgttactgt cattcatcca aaaggcacca aagccgtctc gaatggaatc gaagtgaacg 780 gagatggaga gatcagtggt gattggatca catcgaagtt cttgactact ccacggatgt 840 catcctactt gttggcagtt atggtttcag aatttgaata catcgaaggt gaaacaaaga 900 cgggtgttcg gttccgtata tggtcacgcc cagaggcaaa gaagatgaca caatatgctc 960 tgcaatctgg tatcaagtgc atagaattct acgaagattt ctttgatatc agattccctc 1020 tgaagaaaca agatatgatt gcccttcctg atttctctgc cggtgccatg gagaattggg 1080 gcctcatcac ttacagggaa aactctttgt tgtacgatga cagattctat gcaccgatga 1140 ataaacagcg aattgctcgc attgttgctc atgagcttgc tcatcagtgg ttcggcgact 1200 tggttacgat gaagtggtgg gataatttgt ggttgaatga aggttttgca agattcacag 1260 aattcactgg agctggtcag ataactcaag atg 1293 12 746 DNA Haemonchus contortus 12 cttgaagaaa tgaaaaagct ttttgacaag gaggtcatga aatgtcaacc tggtcagcaa 60 gcgaccgact gcgcgaaggt aactgctcct ctccgaaaaa ctgtttactg ctatggggtc 120 caggaaggcg gtgatgaggc attcgacaag gtgatggaac tatataatgc ggaacaagtc 180 cagttggaga aagacagtct acgtgaagca ttgggatgtc ataaagacgt tactgctcta 240 aagggacttc ttatgctggc gttggatcgg aattcgtcat ttgtgcgtct tcaagatgct 300 catgatgtgt ttaacattgt atccagaaat cctgttggaa acgaactgct gttcaatttc 360 ctcacagagc gatgggaaga gatacttgaa agtttgtcaa tacgacacag atcagttgat 420 cgagtgatca aagcctgtac tcgaggacta cgatccaggg aacaagtaca acagttgaag 480 aatctataca aaaatgacaa gcgtgctcgc gaatacggtg catttggtgg ggcaatagaa 540 agatcggaac acagagtcaa atggattgag aaacatttcc gaaaactagc agctttcttc 600 aaaaaatcta attcataatt ctgaaatggc tataactagc acactggata gttgtctcga 660 atcatccaaa aagattaatg atgttttttt actagataat atggagatat tctgtaaatt 720 tgtcatcgat tcaagtgtct gtattg 746 13 1274 DNA Haemonchus contortus 13 tcttgaagaa atgaaaaagc ttttcgacga agaggtcatg aaaaaatgta gacctggtca 60 gcaagcgacc gactgcgtaa aggtaactgc tcctctccga aaaactgttt actgctatgg 120 ggtccaggaa ggcggtgatg aggcattcga caaggtgatg gaactatata atgcggaaca 180 agtccaattg gagaaagaca gtctacgtga agcattggga tgtcataaag acgttactgc 240 tctaaaggga cttcttatgc tggctttgga tcggaattcg tcatttgtgc gtcttcaaga 300 tgctcatgat gtgtttaaca ttgtatccag aaatcctgtt ggaaacgaac tgctgttcaa 360 tttcctcaca gagcgatggg aagagatact tgaaagtttg tcaatacgac acagatcagt 420 tgatcgagtg atcaaagcct gtactcgagg actacgatcc agggaacaag tacaacagtt 480 gaagaatcta tacaaaaatg acaagcgtgc tcgcgaatac ggtgcatttg gtggggcaat 540 agaaagatcg gaacacagag tcaaatggat tgagaaacat ttccgaaaac tagcagcttt 600 cttcaaaaaa tctaattcat aattctgaaa tggctataac tagcacactg gatagttgtc 660 tcgaatcatc caaaaagatt aatgatgttt ttttactaga taatatggag atattctgta 720 aatttgtcat cgattcaagt gtctgtattg cagccacatt acatatctcg atggttctgt 780 gaatttttga tggaattatt ttctcctcaa aatagacact atgcgctaac tcccattatt 840 accaatcttt gagagaaatc ttttgcaata taccctaaat agcccttggg aactagcttt 900 tttcattatt gtaatttttg tactcttcaa atgacgtatt tccaacatga cacattctca 960 gtgatttact cgagtaattt tattcttctc aattgcagtg ccttattgtt attcgctttg 1020 agactttgta gctcaactgt tttctgccct gctgtcttct tctctttatc tactacttca 1080 gtgatgaact tacctgaagt tgtaggtttt aagaaagaaa taactatttt ccataactca 1140 tcttcatgcc attgttcttt ggactttctc atgcttcaca ttgtagagat atttactaaa 1200 aatggaattc taattttcgt ttacttacat aaaaatcact tattgcctaa aaaaaaaaaa 1260 aaaaaaaaaa aaaa 1274 14 3296 DNA Haemonchus contortus 14 gctgaatcta actccaatcc gtctaatttt tgcattattt ctagtagctg ctgcagtcgg 60 cctctctatt ggtctcacct attactttac tcgcaaagcg ttcgatacct cagaaaagcc 120 agggaaggat gatactggtg gcaagggcaa agacaattct ccctctgcgg cggaactact 180 tcttccaacc aatataaaac cattgtctta cgatttgacg atcaaaacat atctacctgg 240 ttatgtgaac ttcccaccgg agaagaatct cacattcgat gggcgtgtgg aaatatcaat 300 ggttgtaatt gagccaacaa agagtatcgt gctcaattca aagaagatct ctgtgatacc 360 ccaagaatgt gaactggtat cgggcgataa aaaacacgaa attgaaagtg taaaggagca 420 cccaagactg gaaaaggtcg agtttcttct taagaaccaa ctggaaaaag atcaacaaat 480 cttgctcaag gtcggctata tcggcctcat cagcaacagt cttggaggaa tctaccagac 540 cacttacacc accccgaatg gcacccctaa gatcgctgca gtttcacaaa atgagcccat 600 agatgctcgt cgaatggtac catgcatgga cgaaccgaaa tacaaagcaa actggaccgt 660 tactgtcatt catccaaaag gcaccaaagc cgtctcgaat ggaatcgaag tgaacggaga 720 tggagagatc agtggtgatt ggatcacatc gaagttcttg actactccac ggatgtcatc 780 ctacttgttg gcagttatgg tttcagaatt tgaatacatt gaaggtgaaa caaggacggg 840 tgtccggttc cgcatatggt cacgcccaga ggccaagaag atgacaaaac ttgctttgga 900 ttatggtatc aaatgcatag agttctacga agatttcttt gatatcaaat tccctctgaa 960 aaaacaagat atgatcgccc ttcctgattt ctcagcagga gccatggaga actggggtct 1020 tatcacttac agggaaaact ctttgttgta cgatgacaga ttctatgcac cgatgaataa 1080 acagcgaatt gctcgcattg ttgctcatga gcttgcccat cagtggtttg gggacttggt 1140 tacaatgaag tggtgggata atctgtggtt gaatgaaggt tttgcaagat tcacggaatt 1200 cattggagct ggtcagataa ctaaagatga cgccagaatg aggaactact ttctgattga 1260 tgtacttgaa cgcgctttga aagctgattc ggtagcgtca agccatccac tttccttcag 1320 aatcgacaaa gctgcagaag ttgaagaagc ctttgatgat atcacatacg ccaaaggagc 1380 ttctgttctt actatgttga gagccttgat tggagaagaa aaacataagc atgcagtatc 1440 gcagtacctc aagaagttct cgtatagcaa tgcagaagcg actgatctat gggcagtttt 1500 cgatgaagtt gtcactgacg tcgaaggtcc agacggcaaa cctatgaaaa ccacggaatt 1560 tgcaagtcag tggacgactc agatgggctt cccagttatt tccgtagcag agtttaactc 1620 gactactttg aaattaacgc aaagtcgata taaggcgaat aaagacgctg tggagaaaga 1680 gaagtaccgt catccgaaat acggatttaa atgggatatt ccattgtggt atcaggaagg 1740 cgataagaag gagataaagc gaacatggct gagaagagat gaaccgcttt acttgcatgt 1800 tagtaatcct ggtgctccat ttgtggtgaa cgcagaccgc tatggatttt atcgacaaaa 1860 tcatgacgct aatggttgga aaaagataat caagcagctc aaggacaatc atgaggttta 1920 tagtcctcgg acaaggaatg tcatcattag cgatgcgttt gctgcagccg caactgacgc 1980 aattgagtat gagactgttt ttgaacttct gaaatatgcc gaaaaagaaa cggaatacct 2040 accgttggaa atagcaatgt ccgggatctc ttcgattttg aagtacttcg gtaccgagcc 2100 ggaagcaaag ccagctcaag tgtacatgat gaacatattg aagccgatgt atgaaaaaag 2160 cagtatcgag ttcattacca ataactacag aaacgacacg ctgtttttcc aaatcaacct 2220 ccaaaaggat gtcgttgata tgttctgcgc ccttggatcg caagactgca ggcagaaata 2280 taaaaaactt ttcgatgacg aagtcatggc gaaatgcagg gatggtcaag cagcaaccga 2340 atgcgtgaga atcgccgctc ctctccgatc aagtgtttat tgttatggtg tgaaggaagg 2400 cggtgattat gctttcgaca aggtgatgga gctttatacg gccgaaacac ttgccctaga 2460 aaaagacttc ctacgcctag cattaggatg tcacaaagat gttactgctt tgaaaggact 2520 tctcttgcgg gctctggaca ggaattcgtc attcgtacgt atgcaggata tcccaagtgc 2580 tttcaacgat gtagcagcaa atcctattgg cgaagaattc attttcaatt tcctcattga 2640 gagatggcca gatatcattg aaagtatagg aacgaagcac acatatgttg agaaagtgat 2700 accagcctgc acttcaggaa tccgctcaca acagcagatt gaccagctga agaatctgca 2760 gaaaaatggc ataaatgctc gtcaatttgg tgcattcgat aaagcaatcg aacgagcaca 2820 aaatagggtg gattggatta aaaaacattt ccaaaaatta gcggctttct tcaagaaagc 2880 caccttgtag tttgaattac gtcgccatta atccagatct taaagctcgc taaggaatat 2940 gtgggaactg actgtgtgtt ggttactgtt ccactgaatg gaagttttta cccacaaaaa 3000 tttttaccat ttgccttcca tgaggggtca ttgttgtcac ttgaatagta aacaaagctc 3060 agtattagga cccagtgatc aatattactt ttgcttcatc aaattgttac cttctctata 3120 ccctcttcct acctgaattc agaaatttgt tcatattcgt ttgtagtctg ttgctcagaa 3180 cactttctcc tcgatagctt tttgtttgtt tttcttttga ttgtattgat cgttttacaa 3240 ttgtatagat tagttatctg ataaatattg atggctaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaa 3296 15 3319 DNA Haemonchus contortus 15 gctgaatcta actccaatcc gtctaatttt tgcattattt ctagtagccg ctgcagtcgg 60 cctctctatt ggtctcacct attactttac tcgcaaagcg ttcgatacct cagaaaagcc 120 agggaaagat gatactggtg gtaaagacaa agataattct ccctctgcgg cggaactact 180 tcttccaacc aacataaaac cattgtctta cgatttgaca atcaaaacat atctacctgg 240 ttatgtgaac ttcccaccgg agaagaatct cacatttgat gggcgtgtcg aaatttcaac 300 ggttgtcatt gagccaacaa agagtatcgt gctcaattca aagaagatct cagtaatacc 360 ccctgaatgt gaactggtat cgggcggtaa aaaactcgaa atcgaaaatg taaaggatca 420 cccaagactg gaaaaggttg agtttcttct taagaaccaa ctggaaaaag atcaacaaat 480 cttgctcaag gttgcctaca tcggcctcat cagcaacagc cttggcggaa tctaccagac 540 cacttacaca accccggatg gcacccccaa gatcgctaca gtgtcacaaa atgagcccat 600 agatgctcgt cggatggtgc catgcatgga tgaaccgaaa tacaaagcga attggaccgt 660 tactgtcatt catccaaaag gtacaaaagc cgtctcgaat ggcatcgaaa cgaacggaga 720 tggagagatc agtggtgatt ggattacgtc gaagttcttg actactccga ggatgtcatc 780 ctacttgttg gcagttatgg tatcagaatt tgaatttatc gagggtaaaa caaagacaga 840 tgttcggttc cgtatatggt cacgcccaga ggccaagaag atgacaaaac ttgctttgga 900 ttatggtatc aaatgcatag agttctacga agatttcttt gatatcagat tccccttaaa 960 gaaacaagat atgatcgccc ttcctgattt ctcagcagga gccatggaga actggggtct 1020 tatcacttac agggaaaacc ctttgttgta cgatgacaga ttctatgcac cgatgaataa 1080 acagcgaatt gctcgcattg ttgctcatga gcttgcccat cagtggtttg gcgacttggt 1140 tacgatgaag tggtgggata atctgtggtt gaatgaaggt tttgcaagat tcacagaatt 1200 cattggagct ggtaagataa ctgaagatga cgccagaatg aggaactact tcctgattga 1260 tgtacttgaa cgcgcgttga aagctgattc cgtagcgtca agccatccac tttccttcag 1320 aatcgacaaa gctgcagaag ttgaagaagc gtttgatgat atcacatacg ccaaaggagc 1380 ttctgttctt acgatgctga gagcgttgat cggagaagaa aaacataagc atgcggtatc 1440 gcagtatctc aagaagttct cgtatagcaa tgcagaagcg actgatctat gggcagtttt 1500 cgatgaagtt gtcactgatg tcgagggtcc agacggcaaa cctatgaaaa ccacggaatt 1560 cgcaagtcag tggacaactc agatgggctt tccagtaatt tctgtggcag agtttaactc 1620 gactactctg aaactaacgc aaagtcgata taaggcgaat aaggacgctg ttgagaaaga 1680 gaaataccgt catccgaaat acggattcaa gtgggatatt ccattgtggt atcaggaagg 1740 cgataagaag gaggtaaagc gagcatggtt aagaagaggt gaaccgcttt acttgcatgt 1800 gagtgatcct ggcgctccat ttgtggtgaa tgcggaccgc tatggatttt accgacaaaa 1860 ccacgacact aatggttgga aaaagataat caagcagctc aaggataatc atgaggttta 1920 cagtccccgg acaaggaatg ccatcattag cgatgcgttt gctgcggctg caactgacgc 1980 gattgagtac gagactgtat tcgaacttct gaaatatgcc gaaaaagaaa cggaatacct 2040 accgttggaa atagcaatgt ctggaatctc ttcgattttg aagtacttcg gtaccgagcc 2100 cgaggcaaag ccagctcaaa catacatgat gaacatattg aagccgatgt atgagaaaag 2160 cgatatcgac ttcattgcca aaaactacaa ggacgacaag ctgtttttcc aaatcaacct 2220 ccaaaaagat gtcattgata tgttctgcgc ccttggatcg caagactgca ggaagaaata 2280 taaaaaactt ttcgatgaca aagtcatggc gaaatgcagg gatggccaag cagcaaccga 2340 atgcgtgaaa atcgccgctc ctctccgatc aagtgtttat tgttatggtg tgaaggaagg 2400 cggtgattat gctttcgaca aggtgatgga gctttatacg gccgaaacac tcgccctaga 2460 aaaagacttc ctacgcctag cattaggatg tcacaaagat gttaccgctt tgaaaggact 2520 tctcctgcgg gctctggaca ggaattcgtc gttcgtacga atgcaggata tcccaagtgc 2580 tttcaacgat gtagcagcaa atcctattgg cgaagaattc attttcaatt tccttattga 2640 gagatggcca gatatcgttg aaagtatagg aacgaaacac acatatgttg aaaaagtgat 2700 accagcttgc acttcaggaa tccgctcaca acaacagatt gaccagctga agaatctgca 2760 gaaaaatggc ataaacgctc gtcaatttgg tgcattcgat aaagcgatcg aacgagcaca 2820 aaatagggtg gattggatta aaaaacattt ccaaaaatta gcggctttct tcaagaaagc 2880 caccttgtaa ttcgtattac atcaccatga atccagatct taaaactcac taaggaatgt 2940 gtgggaactg actgtctgtt gcttactgtt ccactgaatg gaagttttta cccataaaaa 3000 tttttaccat ttgccttccg tgaggggtca ttgttgtcac ttgaatagta aacaaagctc 3060 agtattggac ccagtgatca atattacttt cgcttcatcg aattgttacc ttctctatac 3120 cctcgtccta cctgaattca cacatttgtt catatttgtt tgtagtctgt tgctcagaac 3180 actttctctt cgatagcttt ttgtttgttt ttcttttgat tgtattgatc gttttacaat 3240 tgtatagatt agttatctga taaatattga tggctaagga aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 3300 aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaa 3319 16 30 PRT Haemonchus contortus 16 Asp Asn Ser Pro Ser Ala Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu Pro Thr Asn Ile Lys 1 5 10 15 Pro Val Ser Tyr Asp Leu Lys Ile Ala Thr Tyr Leu Pro Gly 20 25 30 17 15 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (10)..(10) Xaa = unknown 17 Leu Tyr Leu Ala Glu Asp Val Gln Leu Xaa Lys Gly Ile Leu Phe 1 5 10 15 18 15 PRT Haemonchus contortus 18 Leu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Lys Ser Tyr Ala Pro Asp Asn Lys Gln Tyr 1 5 10 15 19 3084 DNA Haemonchus contortus 19 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg agatgacagc agaggagagt caggagcagg agacgcagca 60 accacgaaaa aatacagtgc tacggctcac cccaatcaag tctctctttg ctttgttagt 120 ggtagctgct gccgtcggcc tctcaatcgg tctcacctat tactttacaa ggaaagcttt 180 tgatactact ggcggaaatg gaaaagggga tcaacctatt gtcgatgata attccccatc 240 agctgaagaa ttacgtctcc caacaaccat aaaacctttg acatacgact tagtaatcaa 300 aacgtatctg ccaaactatg taaactatcc acctgagaaa gatttcgcta ttgatgggac 360 tgtggtgatt gctatggaag ttgtggagcc aacaaagtct attgtgctca actcgaaaaa 420 tattcctgta attgcagacc agtgcgaact gttttctaac aaccaaaaac tcgacatcga 480 aaaggttgtg gatcagccaa ggctggagaa agtcgaattc gttttgaaga aaaagctgga 540 gaagaatcag aaaatcacgc tcaagattgt atacattggc cttatcaacg acatgcttgg 600 aggactttat cgaacaacct acacggataa agatggtaca accaagattg ctgcatgcac 660 tcatatggaa ccgacggacg cccgtcttat ggtcccctgt ttcgacgagc cgacgtttaa 720 ggcaaactgg actgtgactg tgattcatcc gaagggcacc agtgccgtgt cgaatggaat 780 agaaaaggga gaaggagaag tctctggcga ttgggtcaca accagattcg atccaacccc 840 gcgaatgcct tcgtatttga ttgctcttgt gatttccgaa tttaagtaca ttgaaaatta 900 tacgaaaagc ggtgttcgat tccgaattcc ggctcgtccg gaagctatga agatgacaga 960 atatgccatg atagctggaa tcaaatgttt ggattactat gaggacttct tcgggatcaa 1020 attcccactt ccaaaacaag atatggttgc tcttcctgac ttctcatctg gtgctatgga 1080 gaactggggt ctcatcacat acagggaggg ttccgtgctc tacgatgaaa acctctacgg 1140 accaatgaat aaggagcggg ttgcagaagt gatcgcgcac gaacttgcac atcagtggtt 1200 cggtaatttg gtcacgatga agtggtggga taacctatgg ctgaacgaag gattcgcgtc 1260 attcgtggaa tacatcggag ccgacttcat cagcgatggt ctatgggaaa tgaaagattt 1320 cttcctgctg gcaccgtaca caagtggtat tacggctgat gcagtagctt caagccatcc 1380 gctttccttc agaatagata aggctgcaga tgtatcagaa gcgttcgatg atatcacata 1440 ccgtaaagga gcatccgttc ttcaaatgct attgaattta gttggggacg aaaatttcaa 1500 gcagtctgtt tcgcgttacc tcaagaagtt ttcatatgat aatgcggctg ctgaagattt 1560 atgggcagca ttcgacgaaa ccgtccaagg tataaccgga cctaatggtg gaccattgaa 1620 aatgtccgag tttgcgccac aatggacaac tcagatgggg ttccctgttc ttactgtcga 1680 gtcggttaac gcaacgactt tgaaagtcac ccaaaaacga tacaggcaga acaaggatgc 1740 aaaggaacca gagaagtacc gtcatccaac ttatgggttc aaatgggatg ttcctctgtg 1800 gtatcaggaa gatgaacagc aagtgaaaag aacttggtta aaaagagagg aaccgctcta 1860 tttccatgta agcaattctg attcgtcagt tgtggtgaat gccgaacgtc gtgctttttg 1920 ccgatcaaac tatgacgcta acggttggag gaacattatg agaagactca agcagaatca 1980 taaggtctat ggtccacgaa caagaaacgc tctcataagt gatgcgtttg cagcagctgc 2040 agttgaggaa atgaattacg agaccgtatt tgaaatgctc aaatacaccg tgaaagaaga 2100 ggattactta ccatggaagg aggcaatatc aggattcaat acaattttgg actttttcgg 2160 cagcgaaccc gaatctcaat gggcttcgga atacatgcga aaactgatga agccaattta 2220 tgacaagagt agcatcaagt ttatagcgga gaactacaaa aaagattcgc ttttcttcaa 2280 aaataatctc caaatagctg ttattgacac atactgtggt cttggaggca aagaatgtct 2340 tgaagaaatg aaaaagcttt ttgacaagga ggtcatgaaa tgtcaacctg gtcagcaagc 2400 gaccgactgc gtaaaggtaa ctgctcctct ccgaaaaact gtttactgct atggggtcca 2460 ggaaggcggt gatgaggcat tcgacaaggt gatggaacta tataatgcgg aacaagtgca 2520 gttggagaaa gacagtctac gtgaagcatt gggatgccat aaagacgtta cagctctaaa 2580 gggacttctt atgctggctt tggatcggaa ttcgtcattt gtgcgtcttc aagatgctca 2640 tgatgtgttt aacattgtat ccagaaatcc tgttggaaac gaactgctgt tcaatttcct 2700 cacagagcga tgggaagaga tacttgaaag tttgtcaata cgacacagat cagttgatcg 2760 agtgatcaaa gcctgtactc gaggactacg atccagggaa caagtacaac agttgaagaa 2820 tctatacaaa aatgacaagc gtgctcgcga atacggtgca tttggtgggg caatagaaag 2880 atcggaacac agagtcaaat ggattgagaa acatttccga aaactagcag ctttcttcaa 2940 aaaatctaat tcataattct gaaatggcta taactagcac actggatagt tgtctcgaat 3000 catccaaaaa gattaatgat gtttttttac tagataatat ggagatattc tgtaaatttg 3060 tcatcgattc aagtgtctgt attg 3084 20 3358 DNA Haemonchus contortus 20 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg agatgacggc ggagtggcag aagcgtcgaa tcttgggctt 60 ctcacctatc agcctacttt gtacattatt tgtattagct gctgccgttg gactctccat 120 tggtcttacc tattacttca ctcgtaaagc attcgatacc acacaaaaag aacagaagga 180 tgacagtggt ggtaaagaaa aggataattc tccttctgca gaagaactac ttcttccaac 240 gaacataaaa ccagtctcgt acgacttgaa catcaaaaca tatctaccgg gttacgtgaa 300 ctttccacca gaaaagaatc tcacatttga tgcccatgtg gagattgcta tggttgtggt 360 tgagcctaca aatagtattg tgctgaactc gaagaaaatc actttggcac aaggaggatg 420 cgaactgttc tcaggtaatc agaaacttga catcgaaagt gtaaagatgc aggaaagact 480 tgacaagctt gagattaccc tcaaaaatca gctgcaaaaa gatctgaaaa tcctgctcaa 540 gatcacttac accggcctta ttagcgacac tctcggtggg ctctaccagt ccatctacac 600 tgataaggac ggaaaaacta agatcgttgc tgtttcacaa aatgaaccat cagacgctcg 660 tcgtatagcg ccatgctttg acgaaccgaa gtacaaggca acatggactg tcaccgtcgt 720 tcatcccaaa ggtacaaagg ctgcatcgaa cggcattgaa gcaaatggaa aaggggagct 780 caagggtgat tggataacgt ctaaatttaa aactacccca ccgatgtcgt cctatttatt 840 ggctattatt gtttgtgaat ttgaatacat tgaaggattt acaaaaacgg gtgttcggtt 900 ccgtatatgg tctcgaccag aggcgaaacg aatgacggca tacgctttgg atgctggcat 960 cagatgcctg gagttctatg agaagttctt tgacataaaa ttccctctgg aaaaacaaga 1020 tatgattgct cttcctgatt tcaccgctgg tgccatggaa aactggggcc ttatcactta 1080 tagagaggat tctctcctat acgatgaaaa aatttatgca ccgatgaata aacagcgggt 1140 tgctctcgta gttgctcacg agcttgctca tcagtggttc ggcaatctgg tcacactgaa 1200 gtggtgggat gatacgtggt tgaacgaagg ttttgcaaca tttgttgagt atcttggaat 1260 ggacgaaatt agccacaaca atttcagaac gcaagatttc ttcttgctcg atggaatgga 1320 tcgcggaatg agagctgact cggcagcatc gagccatccg ctttcgttta ggattgacaa 1380 agcggcagaa gttgccgaag cctttgacga tatttcatac gccaagggag cgtcagttct 1440 cactatgcta cgggctttga ttggagagga caattacagg aatgctgttg tgcaatacct 1500 caagaagttc tcctacagca atgcacaagc agccgatctg tggaacgtct tcaatgaagt 1560 tgtcaaaggt gttaagggtc ctgacggcaa cgtcatgaaa atcgaccaat ttaccgatca 1620 gtggacgtat cagatgggtt atcctgtggt taaagtagaa gaatttaatg cgaccgccct 1680 aaaggttacg cagagccggt acaagacaaa taaagacgcc ttggaaccag agaaatatcg 1740 taatccaaaa tacgggttca agtgggatgt tcccctatgg tatcaggaag gcaatagcaa 1800 agaggtgaag cgaacatggc taaaaagaga tgaaccgctg tacttgaacg tcaacaatcg 1860 ggatacatcc cttgtggtga acgctgatcg acatggattt tatcgacaaa actatgatgc 1920 caacggttgg aaaaagataa tcaagcagct caagaaagat cacaaggtct tcggtccaag 1980 gacaaggaac gctatcataa gcgatgcatt tgctgcagct acgattgacg caatcgacta 2040 tgaaactgta ttcgaactac ttgaatatgc caaaaatgaa gaggaattct tgccttggaa 2100 ggaagctctg tccggcatgt tcgcagtttt aaagttcttc ggtaatgagc cggagacaaa 2160 accagctaga gcttacatga tgagcatatt agaaccgatg tataataaga gcagcattga 2220 ttacatcgtc aagaattatt tggatgatac gttattcaca aaaattaata ctcaaaagga 2280 tatcattgat gcatattgtt cccttggatc aaaggactgt ataaagcaat ataaggatat 2340 cttctacgat gaggttatgc ccaagtgtaa ggccggggaa gcagcaacca aatgcgttaa 2400 ggtttccgct cctcttcgag ccaatgttta ctgttatggt gtacaggaag gtggtgaaga 2460 agcttttgaa aaggtgatgg ggctgtatct agcagaagat gttcaactgg agaagggtat 2520 cctgttcaaa gccttggcat gccacaaaga tgttacagct ctaaaagaac ttcttttgcg 2580 agccctggac cgtaaatcgt cgtttgtgcg tcttcaggat gtccctaccg ctttccgtgc 2640 tgtatctgaa aaccctgtgg gcgaagaatt catgttcaat ttcctaatgg agagatggga 2700 ggaaatcact gcgagcttgg aaacagaaca cagagcagtt gataaagtgg tcggcgcttg 2760 ttgcacagga attcgctccc aacaacaaat agatcagctg aagaatctac agaagaacaa 2820 tgcgcaggct aagaagttcg gctcattcac ccaggaaatc gaaaaaggag aacataaaat 2880 tgcctggatc aagaaacatt ttcacagatt atcggaattc ttcaagagag caagatcata 2940 gcttttcaca ctgagctcca attttaacgt cttcaaacta ggagacagtt ttgctgaaaa 3000 gtcagtttca cattttccgt ttgaatgcca tccattcgaa tacaaccaat aataccattt 3060 taagtacctt tcattcacag tgattactga atttcgaata tatcatgaag cttgtatctt 3120 gaacgttatg atcggtgact ttcaatttat agagctcact ctccattttg tagctgtgat 3180 gacttgcatt taagacccac catttaccag cctagaatct ttccccaata cattccaaac 3240 tccgatcacc tccaccgctg acaatgccca gatttgtttt tttgtctgct atccatctaa 3300 ctgtttcgat cgccggttgt ttgtcaattg cttatctgat aaatattgac gttggtgt 3358 21 3369 DNA Haemonchus contortus 21 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg agggtctcca tctagatgac gtcgcagggg agaacgcgga 60 cattgctgaa tctaactcca atccgtctta ttgtcgcatt atttctagta gctgctgcag 120 tcggcctctc tattggtctc acctattact ttactcgcaa agcgttcgat acctcagaaa 180 agccagggaa ggatgatact ggtggcaagg acaaagacaa ttctccctct gcggcggaac 240 tactccttcc aagtaatata aaaccattgt cttacgactt gacgatcaaa acatatctac 300 ctggttatgt ggacttccca ccggagaaaa acctcacatt cgatgggcgt gtggaaatat 360 caatggttgt aattgagcca acaaagagta tcgtactcaa ttcaaagaag atctctgtaa 420 taccccaaga atgtgaactg gtatcgggcg ataaaaaact cgaaattgaa agtgtaaagg 480 agcacccaag actggaaaag gttgagtttc ttatcaaaag ccaactggaa aaagatcaac 540 aaatcttgct caaggtcggc tacatcggtc tcatcagcaa cagctttggt ggaatctacc 600 agaccactta taccaccccg gatggcaccc ctaagatcgc tgcagtttca caaaatgagc 660 ccatagatgc tcgtcgaatg gtaccatgca tggatgaacc gaaatacaaa gcaaactgga 720 ccgttactgt cattcatcca aaaggcacca aagccgtctc gaatggaatc gaagtgaacg 780 gagatggaga gatcagtggt gattggatca catcgaagtt cttgactact ccacggatgt 840 catcctactt gttggcagtt atggtttcag aatttgaata catcgaaggt gaaacaaaga 900 cgggtgttcg gttccgtata tggtcacgcc cagaggcaaa gaagatgaca caatatgctc 960 tgcaatctgg tatcaagtgc atagaattct acgaagattt ctttgatatc agattccctc 1020 tgaagaaaca agatatgatt gcccttcctg atttctctgc cggtgccatg gagaattggg 1080 gcctcatcac ttacagggaa aactctttgt tgtacgatga cagattctat gcaccgatga 1140 ataaacagcg aattgctcgc attgttgctc atgagcttgc tcatcagtgg ttcggcgact 1200 tggttacgat gaagtggtgg gataatttgt ggttgaatga aggttttgca agattcacag 1260 aatttattgg agctggtcag ataactcaag atgacgccag aatgaggaac tacttcctga 1320 ttgatgtact tgaacgcgct ttgaaagctg attcggtagc gtcaagccat ccactttcct 1380 tcagaatcga caaagctgca gaagttgaag aagcctttga tgatatcaca tacgccaaag 1440 gagcttctgt tcttactatg ctgagagcct tgattggaga agaaaaacat aagcatgcag 1500 tatcgcagta cctcaagaag ttctcgtata gcaatgcaga agcgactgat ctatgggcag 1560 tttttgatga agttgtcact gacgtcgaag gtccagacgg caaacctatg aaaaccacag 1620 agtttgcaag tcagtggacg actcagatgg gcttcccagt tatttccgta gcagagttta 1680 actcgactac tttgaaatta acgcaaagtc gatatgaggc gaataaagac gctgtggaga 1740 aagagaagta ccgtcacccg aaatacggat ttaaatggga tattccactg tggtatcagg 1800 aaggcgataa gaaggagata aagcgaacat ggttgagaag agatgaaccg ctttacttgc 1860 atgttagtga tgctggcgct ccctttgtgg tgaacgcaga ccgctatgga ttttatcgac 1920 aaaatcatga cgctaatggt tggaaaaaga taatcaagca gctcaaggat aatcatgagg 1980 tttacagtcc ccggacaagg aatgtcatca ttagcgatgc gtttgctgcg gctgcaactg 2040 acgcaattga gtatgagact gtatttgaac ttctgaatta tgccgaaaaa gaaacggaat 2100 atctaccatt agaaatcgca atgtccggga tctcttcgat tttgaaatac ttccctaccg 2160 agccagaggc aaagccagct caaacataca tgatgaacat attgaaaccg atgtatgaaa 2220 aaagcagtat cgacttcatt gccaataact acagaaatga caagctgttt ttccaaatca 2280 acctccaaaa agatgtcatt gatatgttct gcgccctcgg atcgcaagac tgcaggaaga 2340 aatataaaaa acttttcgat gacgaagtca tgaacaaatg cagggatggt caagcagcaa 2400 ccgaatgcgt aagaatcgcc gctcctctcc gatcaagtgt ttattgttat ggtgtgaagg 2460 aaggcggtga ttatgcttcc gacaaggtga tggagcttta tacggccgaa acactcgccc 2520 tagaaaaaga cttcctacgc ctagcattgg gatgtcataa agatgttact gctttgaaag 2580 gacttctctt gcgggctctg gacaggaatt cgtcgttcgt acgtatgcag gatatcccaa 2640 gtgctttcaa cgatgtagca gcaaatccta ttggcgaaga attcattttc aatttcctta 2700 ttgagagatg gccagatatc attgaaagta taggaacgaa gcacacatat gttgagaaag 2760 tgataccagc ctgcacttca ggaatccgct cacaacagca gattgaccag ctgaagaatc 2820 tgcagaaaaa tggcatgaac gctcgtcaat tcggtgcatt cgataaagca atcgaacgag 2880 cacaaaatag ggtggattgg attaaaaaac atttccaaaa attagcggct ttcttcaaga 2940 aagccacctt gtaattcgaa ttacattgcc agtaatccag atcttaaagt tcatgaagga 3000 atatgacagg gaactgactg tctgttggtc actgttccac tgaatggaag tttttaccta 3060 caaaaatttt tatcgttata tttgccttcc gtgaggggtc attgttgtca cttgaatagt 3120 aaacaaagct cagtattggc aaccgtagaa caatattact ttcgcttcat caaattgtta 3180 tcttccctat accctcttcc taactgaatt cggaaatttg ttcatattcg tttgtagtct 3240 gttgctcaga acactttctc ctcaatagct tcttgtttgt tttttttttg attgtattga 3300 tcgttttaca attgtataga ttagttatct tataaatatt gatggttaaa aaaaaaaaaa 3360 aaaaaaaaa 3369 22 977 PRT Haemonchus contortus 22 Met Thr Ala Glu Glu Ser Gln Glu Gln Glu Thr Gln Gln Pro Arg Lys 1 5 10 15 Asn Thr Val Leu Arg Leu Thr Pro Ile Lys Ser Leu Phe Ala Leu Leu 20 25 30 Val Val Ala Ala Ala Val Gly Leu Ser Ile Gly Leu Thr Tyr Tyr Phe 35 40 45 Thr Arg Lys Ala Phe Asp Thr Thr Gly Gly Asn Gly Lys Gly Asp Gln 50 55 60 Pro Ile Val Asp Asp Asn Ser Pro Ser Ala Glu Glu Leu Arg Leu Pro 65 70 75 80 Thr Thr Ile Lys Pro Leu Thr Tyr Asp Leu Val Ile Lys Thr Tyr Leu 85 90 95 Pro Asn Tyr Val Asn Tyr Pro Pro Glu Lys Asp Phe Ala Ile Asp Gly 100 105 110 Thr Val Val Ile Ala Met Glu Val Val Glu Pro Thr Lys Ser Ile Val 115 120 125 Leu Asn Ser Lys Asn Ile Pro Val Ile Ala Asp Gln Cys Glu Leu Phe 130 135 140 Ser Asn Asn Gln Lys Leu Asp Ile Glu Lys Val Val Asp Gln Pro Arg 145 150 155 160 Leu Glu Lys Val Glu Phe Val Leu Lys Lys Lys Leu Glu Lys Asn Gln 165 170 175 Lys Ile Thr Leu Lys Ile Val Tyr Ile Gly Leu Ile Asn Asp Met Leu 180 185 190 Gly Gly Leu Tyr Arg Thr Thr Tyr Thr Asp Lys Asp Gly Thr Thr Lys 195 200 205 Ile Ala Ala Cys Thr His Met Glu Pro Thr Asp Ala Arg Leu Met Val 210 215 220 Pro Cys Phe Asp Glu Pro Thr Phe Lys Ala Asn Trp Thr Val Thr Val 225 230 235 240 Ile His Pro Lys Gly Thr Ser Ala Val Ser Asn Gly Ile Glu Lys Gly 245 250 255 Glu Gly Glu Val Ser Gly Asp Trp Val Thr Thr Arg Phe Asp Pro Thr 260 265 270 Pro Arg Met Pro Ser Tyr Leu Ile Ala Leu Val Ile Ser Glu Phe Lys 275 280 285 Tyr Ile Glu Asn Tyr Thr Lys Ser Gly Val Arg Phe Arg Ile Pro Ala 290 295 300 Arg Pro Glu Ala Met Lys Met Thr Glu Tyr Ala Met Ile Ala Gly Ile 305 310 315 320 Lys Cys Leu Asp Tyr Tyr Glu Asp Phe Phe Gly Ile Lys Phe Pro Leu 325 330 335 Pro Lys Gln Asp Met Val Ala Leu Pro Asp Phe Ser Ser Gly Ala Met 340 345 350 Glu Asn Trp Gly Leu Ile Thr Tyr Arg Glu Gly Ser Val Leu Tyr Asp 355 360 365 Glu Asn Leu Tyr Gly Pro Met Asn Lys Glu Arg Val Ala Glu Val Ile 370 375 380 Ala His Glu Leu Ala His Gln Trp Phe Gly Asn Leu Val Thr Met Lys 385 390 395 400 Trp Trp Asp Asn Leu Trp Leu Asn Glu Gly Phe Ala Ser Phe Val Glu 405 410 415 Tyr Ile Gly Ala Asp Phe Ile Ser Asp Gly Leu Trp Glu Met Lys Asp 420 425 430 Phe Phe Leu Leu Ala Pro Tyr Thr Ser Gly Ile Thr Ala Asp Ala Val 435 440 445 Ala Ser Ser His Pro Leu Ser Phe Arg Ile Asp Lys Ala Ala Asp Val 450 455 460 Ser Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile Thr Tyr Arg Lys Gly Ala Ser Val Leu 465 470 475 480 Gln Met Leu Leu Asn Leu Val Gly Asp Glu Asn Phe Lys Gln Ser Val 485 490 495 Ser Arg Tyr Leu Lys Lys Phe Ser Tyr Asp Asn Ala Ala Ala Glu Asp 500 505 510 Leu Trp Ala Ala Phe Asp Glu Thr Val Gln Gly Ile Thr Gly Pro Asn 515 520 525 Gly Gly Pro Leu Lys Met Ser Glu Phe Ala Pro Gln Trp Thr Thr Gln 530 535 540 Met Gly Phe Pro Val Leu Thr Val Glu Ser Val Asn Ala Thr Thr Leu 545 550 555 560 Lys Val Thr Gln Lys Arg Tyr Arg Gln Asn Lys Asp Ala Lys Glu Pro 565 570 575 Glu Lys Tyr Arg His Pro Thr Tyr Gly Phe Lys Trp Asp Val Pro Leu 580 585 590 Trp Tyr Gln Glu Asp Glu Gln Gln Val Lys Arg Thr Trp Leu Lys Arg 595 600 605 Glu Glu Pro Leu Tyr Phe His Val Ser Asn Ser Asp Ser Ser Val Val 610 615 620 Val Asn Ala Glu Arg Arg Ala Phe Cys Arg Ser Asn Tyr Asp Ala Asn 625 630 635 640 Gly Trp Arg Asn Ile Met Arg Arg Leu Lys Gln Asn His Lys Val Tyr 645 650 655 Gly Pro Arg Thr Arg Asn Ala Leu Ile Ser Asp Ala Phe Ala Ala Ala 660 665 670 Ala Val Glu Glu Met Asn Tyr Glu Thr Val Phe Glu Met Leu Lys Tyr 675 680 685 Thr Val Lys Glu Glu Asp Tyr Leu Pro Trp Lys Glu Ala Ile Ser Gly 690 695 700 Phe Asn Thr Ile Leu Asp Phe Phe Gly Ser Glu Pro Glu Ser Gln Trp 705 710 715 720 Ala Ser Glu Tyr Met Arg Lys Leu Met Lys Pro Ile Tyr Asp Lys Ser 725 730 735 Ser Ile Lys Phe Ile Ala Glu Asn Tyr Lys Lys Asp Ser Leu Phe Phe 740 745 750 Lys Asn Asn Leu Gln Ile Ala Val Ile Asp Thr Tyr Cys Gly Leu Gly 755 760 765 Gly Lys Glu Cys Leu Glu Glu Met Lys Lys Leu Phe Asp Lys Glu Val 770 775 780 Met Lys Cys Gln Pro Gly Gln Gln Ala Thr Asp Cys Val Lys Val Thr 785 790 795 800 Ala Pro Leu Arg Lys Thr Val Tyr Cys Tyr Gly Val Gln Glu Gly Gly 805 810 815 Asp Glu Ala Phe Asp Lys Val Met Glu Leu Tyr Asn Ala Glu Gln Val 820 825 830 Gln Leu Glu Lys Asp Ser Leu Arg Glu Ala Leu Gly Cys His Lys Asp 835 840 845 Val Thr Ala Leu Lys Gly Leu Leu Met Leu Ala Leu Asp Arg Asn Ser 850 855 860 Ser Phe Val Arg Leu Gln Asp Ala His Asp Val Phe Asn Ile Val Ser 865 870 875 880 Arg Asn Pro Val Gly Asn Glu Leu Leu Phe Asn Phe Leu Thr Glu Arg 885 890 895 Trp Glu Glu Ile Leu Glu Ser Leu Ser Ile Arg His Arg Ser Val Asp 900 905 910 Arg Val Ile Lys Ala Cys Thr Arg Gly Leu Arg Ser Arg Glu Gln Val 915 920 925 Gln Gln Leu Lys Asn Leu Tyr Lys Asn Asp Lys Arg Ala Arg Glu Tyr 930 935 940 Gly Ala Phe Gly Gly Ala Ile Glu Arg Ser Glu His Arg Val Lys Trp 945 950 955 960 Ile Glu Lys His Phe Arg Lys Leu Ala Ala Phe Phe Lys Lys Ser Asn 965 970 975 Ser 23 972 PRT Haemonchus contortus 23 Met Thr Ala Glu Trp Gln Lys Arg Arg Ile Leu Gly Phe Ser Pro Ile 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Leu Cys Thr Leu Phe Val Leu Ala Ala Ala Val Gly Leu Ser 20 25 30 Ile Gly Leu Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Thr Arg Lys Ala Phe Asp Thr Thr Gln 35 40 45 Lys Glu Gln Lys Asp Asp Ser Gly Gly Lys Glu Lys Asp Asn Ser Pro 50 55 60 Ser Ala Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu Pro Thr Asn Ile Lys Pro Val Ser Tyr 65 70 75 80 Asp Leu Asn Ile Lys Thr Tyr Leu Pro Gly Tyr Val Asn Phe Pro Pro 85 90 95 Glu Lys Asn Leu Thr Phe Asp Ala His Val Glu Ile Ala Met Val Val 100 105 110 Val Glu Pro Thr Asn Ser Ile Val Leu Asn Ser Lys Lys Ile Thr Leu 115 120 125 Ala Gln Gly Gly Cys Glu Leu Phe Ser Gly Asn Gln Lys Leu Asp Ile 130 135 140 Glu Ser Val Lys Met Gln Glu Arg Leu Asp Lys Leu Glu Ile Thr Leu 145 150 155 160 Lys Asn Gln Leu Gln Lys Asp Leu Lys Ile Leu Leu Lys Ile Thr Tyr 165 170 175 Thr Gly Leu Ile Ser Asp Thr Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gln Ser Ile Tyr 180 185 190 Thr Asp Lys Asp Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Val Ala Val Ser Gln Asn Glu 195 200 205 Pro Ser Asp Ala Arg Arg Ile Ala Pro Cys Phe Asp Glu Pro Lys Tyr 210 215 220 Lys Ala Thr Trp Thr Val Thr Val Val His Pro Lys Gly Thr Lys Ala 225 230 235 240 Ala Ser Asn Gly Ile Glu Ala Asn Gly Lys Gly Glu Leu Lys Gly Asp 245 250 255 Trp Ile Thr Ser Lys Phe Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Met Ser Ser Tyr Leu 260 265 270 Leu Ala Ile Ile Val Cys Glu Phe Glu Tyr Ile Glu Gly Phe Thr Lys 275 280 285 Thr Gly Val Arg Phe Arg Ile Trp Ser Arg Pro Glu Ala Lys Arg Met 290 295 300 Thr Ala Tyr Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly Ile Arg Cys Leu Glu Phe Tyr Glu 305 310 315 320 Lys Phe Phe Asp Ile Lys Phe Pro Leu Glu Lys Gln Asp Met Ile Ala 325 330 335 Leu Pro Asp Phe Thr Ala Gly Ala Met Glu Asn Trp Gly Leu Ile Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Arg Glu Asp Ser Leu Leu Tyr Asp Glu Lys Ile Tyr Ala Pro Met 355 360 365 Asn Lys Gln Arg Val Ala Leu Val Val Ala His Glu Leu Ala His Gln 370 375 380 Trp Phe Gly Asn Leu Val Thr Leu Lys Trp Trp Asp Asp Thr Trp Leu 385 390 395 400 Asn Glu Gly Phe Ala Thr Phe Val Glu Tyr Leu Gly Met Asp Glu Ile 405 410 415 Ser His Asn Asn Phe Arg Thr Gln Asp Phe Phe Leu Leu Asp Gly Met 420 425 430 Asp Arg Gly Met Arg Ala Asp Ser Ala Ala Ser Ser His Pro Leu Ser 435 440 445 Phe Arg Ile Asp Lys Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile 450 455 460 Ser Tyr Ala Lys Gly Ala Ser Val Leu Thr Met Leu Arg Ala Leu Ile 465 470 475 480 Gly Glu Asp Asn Tyr Arg Asn Ala Val Val Gln Tyr Leu Lys Lys Phe 485 490 495 Ser Tyr Ser Asn Ala Gln Ala Ala Asp Leu Trp Asn Val Phe Asn Glu 500 505 510 Val Val Lys Gly Val Lys Gly Pro Asp Gly Asn Val Met Lys Ile Asp 515 520 525 Gln Phe Thr Asp Gln Trp Thr Tyr Gln Met Gly Tyr Pro Val Val Lys 530 535 540 Val Glu Glu Phe Asn Ala Thr Ala Leu Lys Val Thr Gln Ser Arg Tyr 545 550 555 560 Lys Thr Asn Lys Asp Ala Leu Glu Pro Glu Lys Tyr Arg Asn Pro Lys 565 570 575 Tyr Gly Phe Lys Trp Asp Val Pro Leu Trp Tyr Gln Glu Gly Asn Ser 580 585 590 Lys Glu Val Lys Arg Thr Trp Leu Lys Arg Asp Glu Pro Leu Tyr Leu 595 600 605 Asn Val Asn Asn Arg Asp Thr Ser Leu Val Val Asn Ala Asp Arg His 610 615 620 Gly Phe Tyr Arg Gln Asn Tyr Asp Ala Asn Gly Trp Lys Lys Ile Ile 625 630 635 640 Lys Gln Leu Lys Lys Asp His Lys Val Phe Gly Pro Arg Thr Arg Asn 645 650 655 Ala Ile Ile Ser Asp Ala Phe Ala Ala Ala Thr Ile Asp Ala Ile Asp 660 665 670 Tyr Glu Thr Val Phe Glu Leu Leu Glu Tyr Ala Lys Asn Glu Glu Glu 675 680 685 Phe Leu Pro Trp Lys Glu Ala Leu Ser Gly Met Phe Ala Val Leu Lys 690 695 700 Phe Phe Gly Asn Glu Pro Glu Thr Lys Pro Ala Arg Ala Tyr Met Met 705 710 715 720 Ser Ile Leu Glu Pro Met Tyr Asn Lys Ser Ser Ile Asp Tyr Ile Val 725 730 735 Lys Asn Tyr Leu Asp Asp Thr Leu Phe Thr Lys Ile Asn Thr Gln Lys 740 745 750 Asp Ile Ile Asp Ala Tyr Cys Ser Leu Gly Ser Lys Asp Cys Ile Lys 755 760 765 Gln Tyr Lys Asp Ile Phe Tyr Asp Glu Val Met Pro Lys Cys Lys Ala 770 775 780 Gly Glu Ala Ala Thr Lys Cys Val Lys Val Ser Ala Pro Leu Arg Ala 785 790 795 800 Asn Val Tyr Cys Tyr Gly Val Gln Glu Gly Gly Glu Glu Ala Phe Glu 805 810 815 Lys Val Met Gly Leu Tyr Leu Ala Glu Asp Val Gln Leu Glu Lys Gly 820 825 830 Ile Leu Phe Lys Ala Leu Ala Cys His Lys Asp Val Thr Ala Leu Lys 835 840 845 Glu Leu Leu Leu Arg Ala Leu Asp Arg Lys Ser Ser Phe Val Arg Leu 850 855 860 Gln Asp Val Pro Thr Ala Phe Arg Ala Val Ser Glu Asn Pro Val Gly 865 870 875 880 Glu Glu Phe Met Phe Asn Phe Leu Met Glu Arg Trp Glu Glu Ile Thr 885 890 895 Ala Ser Leu Glu Thr Glu His Arg Ala Val Asp Lys Val Val Gly Ala 900 905 910 Cys Cys Thr Gly Ile Arg Ser Gln Gln Gln Ile Asp Gln Leu Lys Asn 915 920 925 Leu Gln Lys Asn Asn Ala Gln Ala Lys Lys Phe Gly Ser Phe Thr Gln 930 935 940 Glu Ile Glu Lys Gly Glu His Lys Ile Ala Trp Ile Lys Lys His Phe 945 950 955 960 His Arg Leu Ser Glu Phe Phe Lys Arg Ala Arg Ser 965 970 24 972 PRT Haemonchus contortus 24 Met Thr Ser Gln Gly Arg Thr Arg Thr Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Ile Val Ala Leu Phe Leu Val Ala Ala Ala Val Gly Leu Ser 20 25 30 Ile Gly Leu Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Thr Arg Lys Ala Phe Asp Thr Ser Glu 35 40 45 Lys Pro Gly Lys Asp Asp Thr Gly Gly Lys Asp Lys Asp Asn Ser Pro 50 55 60 Ser Ala Ala Glu Leu Leu Leu Pro Ser Asn Ile Lys Pro Leu Ser Tyr 65 70 75 80 Asp Leu Thr Ile Lys Thr Tyr Leu Pro Gly Tyr Val Asp Phe Pro Pro 85 90 95 Glu Lys Asn Leu Thr Phe Asp Gly Arg Val Glu Ile Ser Met Val Val 100 105 110 Ile Glu Pro Thr Lys Ser Ile Val Leu Asn Ser Lys Lys Ile Ser Val 115 120 125 Ile Pro Gln Glu Cys Glu Leu Val Ser Gly Asp Lys Lys Leu Glu Ile 130 135 140 Glu Ser Val Lys Glu His Pro Arg Leu Glu Lys Val Glu Phe Leu Ile 145 150 155 160 Lys Ser Gln Leu Glu Lys Asp Gln Gln Ile Leu Leu Lys Val Gly Tyr 165 170 175 Ile Gly Leu Ile Ser Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Ile Tyr Gln Thr Thr Tyr 180 185 190 Thr Thr Pro Asp Gly Thr Pro Lys Ile Ala Ala Val Ser Gln Asn Glu 195 200 205 Pro Ile Asp Ala Arg Arg Met Val Pro Cys Met Asp Glu Pro Lys Tyr 210 215 220 Lys Ala Asn Trp Thr Val Thr Val Ile His Pro Lys Gly Thr Lys Ala 225 230 235 240 Val Ser Asn Gly Ile Glu Val Asn Gly Asp Gly Glu Ile Ser Gly Asp 245 250 255 Trp Ile Thr Ser Lys Phe Leu Thr Thr Pro Arg Met Ser Ser Tyr Leu 260 265 270 Leu Ala Val Met Val Ser Glu Phe Glu Tyr Ile Glu Gly Glu Thr Lys 275 280 285 Thr Gly Val Arg Phe Arg Ile Trp Ser Arg Pro Glu Ala Lys Lys Met 290 295 300 Thr Gln Tyr Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Ile Lys Cys Ile Glu Phe Tyr Glu 305 310 315 320 Asp Phe Phe Asp Ile Arg Phe Pro Leu Lys Lys Gln Asp Met Ile Ala 325 330 335 Leu Pro Asp Phe Ser Ala Gly Ala Met Glu Asn Trp Gly Leu Ile Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Arg Glu Asn Ser Leu Leu Tyr Asp Asp Arg Phe Tyr Ala Pro Met 355 360 365 Asn Lys Gln Arg Ile Ala Arg Ile Val Ala His Glu Leu Ala His Gln 370 375 380 Trp Phe Gly Asp Leu Val Thr Met Lys Trp Trp Asp Asn Leu Trp Leu 385 390 395 400 Asn Glu Gly Phe Ala Arg Phe Thr Glu Phe Ile Gly Ala Gly Gln Ile 405 410 415 Thr Gln Asp Asp Ala Arg Met Arg Asn Tyr Phe Leu Ile Asp Val Leu 420 425 430 Glu Arg Ala Leu Lys Ala Asp Ser Val Ala Ser Ser His Pro Leu Ser 435 440 445 Phe Arg Ile Asp Lys Ala Ala Glu Val Glu Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile 450 455 460 Thr Tyr Ala Lys Gly Ala Ser Val Leu Thr Met Leu Arg Ala Leu Ile 465 470 475 480 Gly Glu Glu Lys His Lys His Ala Val Ser Gln Tyr Leu Lys Lys Phe 485 490 495 Ser Tyr Ser Asn Ala Glu Ala Thr Asp Leu Trp Ala Val Phe Asp Glu 500 505 510 Val Val Thr Asp Val Glu Gly Pro Asp Gly Lys Pro Met Lys Thr Thr 515 520 525 Glu Phe Ala Ser Gln Trp Thr Thr Gln Met Gly Phe Pro Val Ile Ser 530 535 540 Val Ala Glu Phe Asn Ser Thr Thr Leu Lys Leu Thr Gln Ser Arg Tyr 545 550 555 560 Glu Ala Asn Lys Asp Ala Val Glu Lys Glu Lys Tyr Arg His Pro Lys 565 570 575 Tyr Gly Phe Lys Trp Asp Ile Pro Leu Trp Tyr Gln Glu Gly Asp Lys 580 585 590 Lys Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Trp Leu Arg Arg Asp Glu Pro Leu Tyr Leu 595 600 605 His Val Ser Asp Ala Gly Ala Pro Phe Val Val Asn Ala Asp Arg Tyr 610 615 620 Gly Phe Tyr Arg Gln Asn His Asp Ala Asn Gly Trp Lys Lys Ile Ile 625 630 635 640 Lys Gln Leu Lys Asp Asn His Glu Val Tyr Ser Pro Arg Thr Arg Asn 645 650 655 Val Ile Ile Ser Asp Ala Phe Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Asp Ala Ile Glu 660 665 670 Tyr Glu Thr Val Phe Glu Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ala Glu Lys Glu Thr Glu 675 680 685 Tyr Leu Pro Leu Glu Ile Ala Met Ser Gly Ile Ser Ser Ile Leu Lys 690 695 700 Tyr Phe Pro Thr Glu Pro Glu Ala Lys Pro Ala Gln Thr Tyr Met Met 705 710 715 720 Asn Ile Leu Lys Pro Met Tyr Glu Lys Ser Ser Ile Asp Phe Ile Ala 725 730 735 Asn Asn Tyr Arg Asn Asp Lys Leu Phe Phe Gln Ile Asn Leu Gln Lys 740 745 750 Asp Val Ile Asp Met Phe Cys Ala Leu Gly Ser Gln Asp Cys Arg Lys 755 760 765 Lys Tyr Lys Lys Leu Phe Asp Asp Glu Val Met Asn Lys Cys Arg Asp 770 775 780 Gly Gln Ala Ala Thr Glu Cys Val Arg Ile Ala Ala Pro Leu Arg Ser 785 790 795 800 Ser Val Tyr Cys Tyr Gly Val Lys Glu Gly Gly Asp Tyr Ala Ser Asp 805 810 815 Lys Val Met Glu Leu Tyr Thr Ala Glu Thr Leu Ala Leu Glu Lys Asp 820 825 830 Phe Leu Arg Leu Ala Leu Gly Cys His Lys Asp Val Thr Ala Leu Lys 835 840 845 Gly Leu Leu Leu Arg Ala Leu Asp Arg Asn Ser Ser Phe Val Arg Met 850 855 860 Gln Asp Ile Pro Ser Ala Phe Asn Asp Val Ala Ala Asn Pro Ile Gly 865 870 875 880 Glu Glu Phe Ile Phe Asn Phe Leu Ile Glu Arg Trp Pro Asp Ile Ile 885 890 895 Glu Ser Ile Gly Thr Lys His Thr Tyr Val Glu Lys Val Ile Pro Ala 900 905 910 Cys Thr Ser Gly Ile Arg Ser Gln Gln Gln Ile Asp Gln Leu Lys Asn 915 920 925 Leu Gln Lys Asn Gly Met Asn Ala Arg Gln Phe Gly Ala Phe Asp Lys 930 935 940 Ala Ile Glu Arg Ala Gln Asn Arg Val Asp Trp Ile Lys Lys His Phe 945 950 955 960 Gln Lys Leu Ala Ala Phe Phe Lys Lys Ala Thr Leu 965 970 25 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus 25 Met Gly Tyr Pro Val Val Lys Val Glu Glu Phe 1 5 10 26 10 PRT Haemonchus contortus 26 Met Gly Phe Pro Val Leu Thr Val Glu Ser 1 5 10 27 10 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = Gly or Phe 27 Met Xaa Asn Phe Lys Ile Xaa Xaa Ala Gly 1 5 10 28 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (3)..(3) Xaa = Pro or Glu 28 Met Lys Xaa Xaa Leu Xaa Xaa Leu Xaa Ile Thr 1 5 10 29 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (9)..(9) Xaa = unknown 29 Met Leu Ala Leu Asp Tyr His Ser Xaa Phe Val 1 5 10 30 9 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (4)..(4) Xaa = Glu or Tyr 30 Met Leu Ala Xaa Asp Xaa Glu Asp Val 1 5 31 12 PRT Haemonchus contortus 31 Met Gly Phe Pro Leu Val Thr Val Glu Ala Phe Tyr 1 5 10 32 16 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (8)..(8) Xaa = Val or Leu 32 Met Lys Thr Pro Glu Phe Ala Xaa Gln Ala Xaa Ala Thr Xaa Phe Pro 1 5 10 15 33 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = His or Tyr 33 Lys Xaa Xaa Ser Pro Ala Ala Glu Xaa Leu Xaa 1 5 10 34 10 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = unknown 34 Lys Xaa Thr Ser Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asn 1 5 10 35 17 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (11)..(11) Xaa = unknown 35 Lys Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Xaa Ile Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 36 19 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (5)..(5) Xaa = Val or Pro 36 Lys Ala Val Glu Xaa Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile Thr Tyr Xaa Xaa 1 5 10 15 Gly Pro Ser 37 10 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = unknown 37 Lys Xaa Glu Gln Thr Glu Ile Phe Asn Met 1 5 10 38 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(4) Xaa = unknown 38 Lys Xaa Xaa Xaa Pro Phe Xaa Ile Glu Ala Leu 1 5 10 39 9 PRT Haemonchus contortus 39 Asp Gln Ala Phe Ser Thr Asp Ala Lys 1 5 40 16 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (12)..(12) Xaa = unknown 40 Met Gly Tyr Pro Val Val Lys Val Glu Glu Phe Xaa Ala Thr Ala Leu 1 5 10 15 41 14 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (11)..(11) Xaa = unknown 41 Met Gly Phe Pro Val Leu Thr Val Glu Ser Xaa Tyr Xaa Thr 1 5 10 42 13 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = Glu or Phe 42 Met Xaa Asn Phe Leu Ile Xaa Xaa Ala Gly Xaa Ile Thr 1 5 10 43 14 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (12)..(12) Xaa = unknown 43 Met Gly Phe Leu Val Thr Val Glu Ala Phe Tyr Xaa Thr Ser 1 5 10 44 16 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (8)..(8) Xaa = Val or Leu 44 Met Lys Thr Pro Glu Phe Ala Xaa Gln Ala Xaa Ala Thr Xaa Phe Pro 1 5 10 15 45 13 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (3)..(3) Xaa = Pro or Glu 45 Met Lys Xaa Xaa Leu Xaa Xaa Leu Xaa Ile Thr Xaa Gly 1 5 10 46 12 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (9)..(9) Xaa = unknown 46 Met Leu Ala Leu Asp Tyr His Ser Xaa Phe Val Gly 1 5 10 47 9 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (4)..(4) Xaa = Glu or Tyr 47 Met Leu Ala Xaa Asp Xaa Glu Asp Val 1 5 48 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = His or Tyr 48 Lys Xaa Xaa Ser Pro Ala Ala Glu Xaa Leu Xaa 1 5 10 49 10 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = unknown 49 Lys Xaa Thr Ser Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asn 1 5 10 50 17 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (11)..(15) Xaa = unknown 50 Lys Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Xaa Ile Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 51 19 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (5)..(5) Xaa = Val or Pro 51 Lys Ala Val Glu Xaa Ala Glu Ala Phe Asp Asp Ile Thr Tyr Xaa Xaa 1 5 10 15 Gly Pro Ser 52 10 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(2) Xaa = unknown 52 Lys Xaa Glu Gln Thr Glu Ile Phe Asn Met 1 5 10 53 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (2)..(4) Xaa = unknown 53 Lys Xaa Xaa Xaa Pro Phe Xaa Ile Glu Ala Leu 1 5 10 54 9 PRT Haemonchus contortus 54 Asp Gln Ala Phe Ser Thr Asp Ala Lys 1 5 55 8 DNA Haemonchus contortus 55 ggaattcc 8 56 12 DNA Haemonchus contortus 56 ccggaattcc gg 12 57 35 DNA Haemonchus contortus 57 gactcgagtc gacatcgatt tttttttttt ttttt 35 58 21 DNA Haemonchus contortus 58 acgggtgttc ggtttccgta t 21 59 20 DNA Haemonchus contortus 59 gctgaatcta actccaatcc 20 60 23 DNA Haemonchus contortus misc_feature (3)..(21) n = I 60 aangaaagcg gatggcttga ngc 23 61 21 DNA Haemonchus contortus 61 tgttgtggct aatttcgtcc a 21 62 21 DNA Haemonchus contortus misc_feature (7)..(7) n = I 62 catcttnagt tatctgacca g 21 63 21 DNA Haemonchus contortus 63 gaccatcgct gatgaagtcg g 21 64 48 DNA Haemonchus contortus misc_feature (2)..(11) n = U 64 cnacnacnac naggccacgc gtcgactagt acgggnnggg nngggnng 48 65 22 DNA Haemonchus contortus 65 tcttgaagaa atgaaaaagc tt 22 66 30 DNA Haemonchus contortus CDS (12)..(29) 66 ggatccgatt g ctg aat cta act cca atc c 30 Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile 1 5 67 6 PRT Haemonchus contortus 67 Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile 1 5 68 8 DNA Haemonchus contortus 68 cggatccg 8 69 8 DNA Haemonchus contortus 69 cccatggg 8 70 42 DNA Haemonchus contortus CDS (9)..(41) 70 ggatcccc atg ggg atc cga ttg ctg aat cta act cca atc c 42 Met Gly Ile Arg Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile 1 5 10 71 11 PRT Haemonchus contortus 71 Met Gly Ile Arg Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Pro Ile 1 5 10 72 7 PRT Haemonchus contortus MISC_FEATURE (3)..(6) Xaa = any amino acid 72 His Glu Xaa Xaa His Xaa Trp 1 5 73 22 DNA Haemonchus contortus 73 ggtttaatta cccaagtttg ag 22 74 964 PRT Rat 74 Met Ala Lys Gly Phe Tyr Ile Ser Lys Thr Leu Gly Ile Leu Gly Ile 1 5 10 15 Leu Leu Gly Val Ala Ala Val Cys Thr Ile Ile Ala Leu Ser Val Val 20 25 30 Tyr Ala Gln Glu Lys Asn Arg Asn Ala Glu Asn Ser Ala Ile Ala Pro 35 40 45 Thr Leu Pro Gly Ser Thr Ser Ala Thr Thr Ser Thr Thr Asn Pro Ala 50 55 60 Ile Asp Glu Ser Lys Pro Trp Asn Gln Tyr Arg Leu Pro Lys Thr Leu 65 70 75 80 Ile Pro Asp Ser Tyr Gln Val Thr Leu Arg Pro Tyr Leu Thr Pro Asn 85 90 95 Glu Gln Gly Leu Tyr Ile Phe Lys Gly Ser Ser Thr Val Arg Phe Thr 100 105 110 Cys Asn Glu Thr Thr Asn Val Ile Ile Ile His Ser Lys Lys Leu Asn 115 120 125 Tyr Thr Asn Lys Gly Asn His Arg Val Ala Leu Arg Ala Leu Gly Asp 130 135 140 Thr Pro Ala Pro Asn Ile Asp Thr Thr Glu Leu Val Glu Arg Thr Glu 145 150 155 160 Tyr Leu Val Val His Leu Gln Gly Ser Leu Val Lys Gly His Gln Tyr 165 170 175 Glu Met Asp Ser Glu Phe Gln Gly Glu Leu Ala Asp Asp Leu Ala Gly 180 185 190 Phe Tyr Arg Ser Glu Tyr Met Glu Gly Gly Asn Lys Lys Val Val Ala 195 200 205 Thr Thr Gln Met Gln Ala Ala Asp Ala Arg Lys Ser Phe Pro Cys Phe 210 215 220 Asp Glu Pro Ala Met Lys Ala Ser Phe Asn Ile Thr Leu Ile His Pro 225 230 235 240 Asn Asn Leu Thr Ala Leu Ser Asn Met Leu Pro Lys Asp Ser Arg Thr 245 250 255 Leu Gln Glu Asp Pro Ser Trp Asn Val Thr Glu Phe His Pro Thr Pro 260 265 270 Lys Met Ser Thr Tyr Leu Leu Ala Tyr Ile Val Ser Glu Phe Lys Tyr 275 280 285 Val Glu Ala Val Ser Pro Asn Arg Val Gln Ile Arg Ile Trp Ala Arg 290 295 300 Pro Ser Ala Ile Asp Glu Gly His Gly Asp Tyr Ala Leu Gln Val Thr 305 310 315 320 Gly Pro Ile Leu Asn Phe Phe Ala Gln His Tyr Asn Thr Ala Tyr Pro 325 330 335 Leu Glu Lys Ser Asp Gln Ile Ala Leu Pro Asp Phe Asn Ala Gly Ala 340 345 350 Met Glu Asn Trp Gly Leu Val Thr Tyr Arg Glu Ser Ala Leu Val Phe 355 360 365 Asp Pro Gln Ser Ser Ser Ile Ser Asn Lys Glu Arg Val Val Thr Val 370 375 380 Ile Ala His Glu Leu Ala His Gln Trp Phe Gly Asn Leu Val Thr Val 385 390 395 400 Asp Trp Trp Asn Asp Leu Trp Leu Asn Glu Gly Phe Ala Ser Tyr Val 405 410 415 Glu Phe Leu Gly Ala Asp Tyr Ala Glu Pro Thr Trp Asn Leu Lys Asp 420 425 430 Leu Ile Val Leu Asn Asp Val Tyr Arg Val Met Ala Val Asp Ala Leu 435 440 445 Ala Ser Ser His Pro Leu Ser Ser Pro Ala Asn Glu Val Asn Thr Pro 450 455 460 Ala Gln Ile Ser Glu Leu Phe Asp Ser Ile Thr Tyr Ser Lys Gly Ala 465 470 475 480 Ser Val Leu Arg Met Leu Ser Ser Phe Leu Thr Glu Asp Leu Phe Lys 485 490 495 Lys Gly Leu Ser Ser Tyr Leu His Thr Phe Gln Tyr Ser Asn Thr Ile 500 505 510 Tyr Leu Asp Leu Trp Glu His Leu Gln Gln Ala Val Asp Ser Gln Thr 515 520 525 Ala Ile Lys Leu Pro Ala Ser Val Ser Thr Ile Met Asp Arg Trp Ile 530 535 540 Leu Gln Met Gly Phe Pro Val Ile Thr Val Asn Thr Ser Thr Gly Glu 545 550 555 560 Ile Tyr Gln Glu His Phe Leu Leu Asp Pro Thr Ser Lys Pro Thr Arg 565 570 575 Pro Ser Asp Phe Asn Tyr Leu Trp Ile Val Pro Ile Pro Tyr Leu Lys 580 585 590 Asn Gly Lys Glu Asp His Tyr Trp Leu Glu Thr Glu Lys Asn Gln Ser 595 600 605 Ala Glu Phe Gln Thr Ser Ser Asn Glu Trp Leu Leu Leu Asn Ile Asn 610 615 620 Val Thr Gly Tyr Tyr Gln Val Asn Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Trp Arg Lys 625 630 635 640 Ile Gln Asn Gln Leu Gln Thr Asp Leu Ser Val Ile Pro Val Ile Asn 645 650 655 Arg Ala Gln Ile Ile His Asp Ser Phe Asn Leu Ala Ser Ala Gly Lys 660 665 670 Leu Ser Ile Thr Leu Pro Leu Ser Asn Thr Leu Phe Leu Ala Ser Glu 675 680 685 Thr Glu Tyr Met Pro Trp Glu Ala Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Asn Tyr Phe 690 695 700 Lys Leu Met Phe Asp Arg Ser Glu Val Tyr Gly Pro Met Lys Arg Tyr 705 710 715 720 Leu Lys Lys Gln Val Thr Pro Leu Phe Ala Tyr Phe Lys Ile Lys Thr 725 730 735 Asn Asn Trp Leu Asp Arg Pro Pro Thr Leu Met Glu Gln Tyr Asn Glu 740 745 750 Ile Asn Ala Ile Ser Thr Ala Cys Ser Ser Gly Leu Glu Glu Cys Arg 755 760 765 Asp Leu Val Val Gly Leu Tyr Ser Gln Trp Met Asn Asn Ser Asp Asn 770 775 780 Asn Pro Ile His Pro Asn Leu Arg Ser Thr Val Tyr Cys Asn Ala Ile 785 790 795 800 Ala Ser Cys Glu Glu Ala Trp Asn Phe Ala Trp Ala Thr Tyr Pro Glu 805 810 815 Arg Thr Leu Val Asn Glu Ala Asp Lys Leu Arg Ser Ala Val Gly Arg 820 825 830 Ser Asn Glu Val Trp Ile Leu Asn Arg Tyr Leu Ser Tyr Thr Leu Asn 835 840 845 Pro Asp Tyr Ile Arg Lys Gln Asp Ala Thr Ser Thr Ile Val Ser Ile 850 855 860 Ala Asn Asn Val Val Gly Gln Thr Leu Val Trp Asp Phe Val Arg Ser 865 870 875 880 Asn Trp Lys Lys Leu Phe Glu Asp Tyr Gly Gly Gly Ser Phe Ser Phe 885 890 895 Ala Asn Leu Ile Gln Gly Val Thr Arg Arg Phe Ser Ser Glu Phe Glu 900 905 910 Leu Gln Gln Leu Glu Gln Phe Lys Glu Asp Asn Ser Ala Thr Gly Phe 915 920 925 Gly Ser Gly Thr Arg Ala Leu Glu Gln Ala Leu Glu Lys Thr Lys Ala 930 935 940 Asn Ile Lys Trp Val Lys Glu Asn Lys Asp Val Val Leu Lys Trp Phe 945 950 955 960 Thr Glu Asn Ser 75 945 PRT Mouse 75 Met Asn Phe Ala Glu Glu Glu Pro Ser Lys Lys Tyr Cys Ile Lys Gly 1 5 10 15 Lys His Val Ala Ile Ile Cys Gly Val Val Val Ala Val Gly Leu Ile 20 25 30 Val Gly Leu Ser Val Gly Leu Thr Arg Ser Cys Glu Gln Asp Thr Thr 35 40 45 Pro Ala Pro Ser Gln Pro Pro Pro Glu Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Pro Pro 50 55 60 Gln Asp Gln Asn Val Cys Pro Asp Ser Glu Asp Glu Ser Gly Glu Trp 65 70 75 80 Lys Asn Phe Arg Leu Pro Asp Phe Ile Asn Pro Val His Tyr Asp Leu 85 90 95 Glu Val Lys Ala Leu Met Glu Glu Asp Arg Tyr Thr Gly Ile Val Thr 100 105 110 Ile Ser Val Asn Leu Ser Lys Pro Thr Arg Asp Leu Trp Leu His Ile 115 120 125 Arg Glu Thr Lys Ile Thr Lys Leu Pro Glu Leu Arg Arg Pro Ser Gly 130 135 140 Glu Gln Val Pro Ile Arg Arg Cys Phe Glu Tyr Lys Lys Gln Glu Tyr 145 150 155 160 Val Val Ile Gln Ala Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Ser Gly Asp Ser 165 170 175 Val Tyr Arg Leu Thr Met Glu Phe Lys Gly Trp Leu Asn Gly Ser Leu 180 185 190 Val Gly Phe Tyr Lys Thr Thr Tyr Met Glu Asp Gly Gln Ile Arg Ser 195 200 205 Ile Ala Ala Thr Asp His Glu Pro Thr Asp Ala Arg Lys Ser Phe Pro 210 215 220 Cys Phe Asp Glu Pro Asn Lys Lys Ser Thr Tyr Ser Ile Ser Ile Ile 225 230 235 240 His Pro Lys Glu Tyr Ser Ala Leu Ser Asn Met Pro Glu Glu Lys Ser 245 250 255 Glu Met Val Asp Asp Asn Trp Lys Lys Thr Thr Phe Val Lys Ser Val 260 265 270 Pro Met Ser Thr Tyr Leu Val Cys Phe Ala Val His Arg Phe Thr Ala 275 280 285 Ile Glu Arg Lys Ser Arg Ser Gly Lys Pro Leu Lys Val Tyr Val Gln 290 295 300 Pro Asn Gln Lys Glu Thr Ala Glu Tyr Ala Ala Asn Ile Thr Gln Ala 305 310 315 320 Val Phe Asp Tyr Phe Glu Asp Tyr Phe Ala Met Glu Tyr Ala Leu Pro 325 330 335 Lys Leu Asp Lys Ile Ala Ile Pro Asp Phe Gly Thr Gly Ala Met Glu 340 345 350 Asn Trp Gly Leu Val Thr Tyr Arg Glu Thr Asn Leu Leu Tyr Asp Pro 355 360 365 Leu Leu Ser Ala Ser Ser Asn Gln Gln Arg Val Ala Ser Val Val Ala 370 375 380 His Glu Leu Val His Gln Trp Phe Gly Asn Thr Val Thr Met Asp Trp 385 390 395 400 Trp Asp Asp Leu Trp Leu Asn Glu Gly Phe Ala Ser Phe Phe Glu Phe 405 410 415 Leu Gly Val Asn His Ala Glu Lys Asp Trp Gln Met Leu Ser Gln Val 420 425 430 Leu Leu Glu Asp Val Phe Pro Val Gln Glu Asp Asp Ser Leu Met Ser 435 440 445 Ser His Pro Val Val Val Thr Val Ser Thr Pro Ala Glu Ile Thr Ser 450 455 460 Val Phe Asp Gly Ile Ser Tyr Ser Lys Gly Ala Ser Ile Leu Arg Met 465 470 475 480 Leu Gln Asp Trp Ile Thr Pro Glu Lys Phe Gln Lys Gly Cys Gln Ile 485 490 495 Tyr Leu Lys Lys Phe Gln Phe Ala Asn Ala Lys Thr Ser Asp Phe Trp 500 505 510 Asp Ser Leu Gln Glu Ala Ser Asn Leu Pro Val Lys Glu Val Met Asp 515 520 525 Thr Trp Thr Ser Gln Met Gly Tyr Pro Val Val Thr Val Ser Gly Arg 530 535 540 Gln Asn Ile Thr Gln Lys Arg Phe Leu Leu Asp Ser Lys Ala Asp Pro 545 550 555 560 Ser Gln Pro Pro Ser Glu Leu Gly Tyr Thr Trp Asn Ile Pro Val Arg 565 570 575 Trp Ala Asp Asn Asp Asn Ser Arg Ile Thr Val Tyr Asn Arg Leu Asp 580 585 590 Lys Gly Gly Ile Thr Leu Asn Ala Asn Leu Ser Gly Asp Ala Phe Leu 595 600 605 Lys Ile Asn Pro Asp His Ile Gly Phe Tyr Arg Val Asn Tyr Glu Gly 610 615 620 Gly Thr Trp Asp Trp Ile Ala Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Asn His Thr Arg 625 630 635 640 Phe Ser Ala Ala Asp Arg Ser Ser Phe Ile Asp Asp Ala Phe Ala Leu 645 650 655 Ala Arg Ala Gln Leu Leu Asn Tyr Lys Ile Ala Leu Asn Leu Thr Met 660 665 670 Tyr Leu Lys Ser Glu Glu Asp Phe Leu Pro Trp Glu Arg Val Ile Ser 675 680 685 Ser Val Ser Tyr Ile Ile Ser Met Phe Glu Asp Asp Arg Glu Leu Tyr 690 695 700 Pro Met Ile Glu Thr Tyr Phe Gln Gly Gln Val Lys Pro Val Ala Asp 705 710 715 720 Leu Leu Gly Trp Gln Asp Thr Gly Ser His Ile Thr Lys Leu Leu Arg 725 730 735 Ala Ser Ile Leu Gly Phe Ala Cys Lys Met Gly Asp Arg Glu Ala Leu 740 745 750 Gly Asn Ala Ser Gln Leu Phe Asp Ser Trp Leu Lys Gly Ser Ala Ser 755 760 765 Ile Pro Val Asn Leu Arg Leu Leu Val Tyr Arg Tyr Gly Met Gln Asn 770 775 780 Ser Gly Asn Glu Ala Ala Trp Asn Tyr Thr Leu Glu Gln Tyr Gln Lys 785 790 795 800 Thr Ser Leu Ala Gln Glu Lys Glu Lys Leu Leu Tyr Gly Leu Ala Ser 805 810 815 Val Lys Asp Val Lys Leu Leu Ala Arg Tyr Leu Glu Met Leu Lys Asp 820 825 830 Pro Asn Ile Ile Lys Thr Gln Asp Val Phe Thr Val Ile Arg Tyr Ile 835 840 845 Ser Tyr Asn Ser Tyr Gly Lys Thr Met Ala Trp Asn Trp Ile Gln Leu 850 855 860 Asn Trp Asp Tyr Leu Val Ser Arg Phe Thr Ile Asn Asp Arg Tyr Leu 865 870 875 880 Gly Arg Ile Val Thr Ile Ala Glu Pro Phe Asn Thr Glu Leu Gln Leu 885 890 895 Trp Gln Met Gln Ser Phe Phe Ala Lys Tyr Pro Asn Ala Gly Ala Gly 900 905 910 Ala Lys Pro Arg Glu Gln Val Leu Glu Thr Val Lys Asn Asn Ile Glu 915 920 925 Trp Leu Asn Val Asn Arg Gln Ser Ile Arg Glu Trp Phe Ala Ser Leu 930 935 940 Pro 945 

1. A transgenic organism containing a nucleic acid molecule which comprises at least one nucleotide sequence which encodes a helminth amino peptidase enzyme or antigenic portion thereof, said nucleic acid selected from the group consisting of (i) any sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 1-15 or 19-21, (ii) a sequence fully complementary to said sequence of (i), (iii) a portion of said sequence of (i) wherein said portion of said sequence encodes an antigenic peptide of said helminth aminopeptidase, and (iv) a sequence which hybridizes with said sequence of (i) or (ii) under conditions of 2× SSC, 65° C. (where SSC=0.15 M Na Cl, 0.015 M sodium citrate, pH 7.2) and which has at least 60% identity with said sequence of (i).
 2. A transgenic organism containing a nucleic acid comprising at least one nucleotide sequence which encodes a polypeptide which raises protective antibodies against helminth parasites, which sequence incorporates at least one aminopeptidase-encoding sequence, selected from the group consisting of (i) any sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 1-15 or 19-21, (ii) a sequence fully complementary to said sequence of (i), (iii) a portion of said sequence of (i), and (iv) a sequence which hybridizes with said sequence of (i) or (ii) under conditions of 2× SSC, 65° C. (where SSC=0.15 M NaCl, 0.015 M sodium citrate, pH 7.2) and which has at least 60% identity with said sequence of (i).
 3. A transgenic organism containing a nucleic acid comprising at least one nucleotide sequence which corresponds to or which is complementary to one or more sequences selected from the group of sequences consisting of (i) M1 (SEQ ID NO:1), (ii) B1A (SEQ ID NO:2), (iii) B1A-3′ (SEQ ID NO:3), (iv) B2 (SEQ ID NO:4), (v) M1AUS (SEQ ID NO:5), (vi) AustB1 (SEQ ID NO:6), (vii) 014-015 (2.5PCR) (SEQ ID NO:7), (viii) 014-872 (3.5PCR clone 2) (SEQ ID NO:8), (ix) A-648 (5′ END of B1) (SEQ ID NO:9), (x) A-650 (5′-end of 2.5PCR) (SEQ ID NO:10), (xi) α-649 (5′ end of 3.5 PCR) (SEQ ID NO:11), (xii) 014-178 (3′ end of AustB1 clone 2) (SEQ ID NO:12), (xiii) 014-178 (3′ end of AustB1 clones 3 and 6) (SEQ ID NO:13), (xiv) 014-872 (3.5PCR clone 10) (SEQ ID NO:14), (xv) 014-872 (3.5 PCR clone 19) (SEQ ID NO:15), (xvi) H11-1 (SEQ ID NO:19), (xvii) H11-2 (SEQ ID NO:20), (xviii) H11-3 (SEQ ID NO:21), and (xix) a sequence which hybridizes with any of said sequences of (i)-(xviii) under conditions of 2× SSC, 65° C. (where SSC=0.15 M NaCl, 0.015 M sodium citrate, pH 7.2) and which has at least 60% identity with said sequence of (i)-(xviii).
 4. A transgenic organism in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said organism is a nematode. 